Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2025 May 2:31:e947759.
doi: 10.12659/MSM.947759.

Evaluating Factors Influencing Periodontal Bone Loss Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Study

Gülnur Sağlam  1 , Ahmet Dağ  2
Affiliations

Evaluating Factors Influencing Periodontal Bone Loss Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Study

Gülnur Sağlam et al. Med Sci Monit. .

Abstract

BACKGROUND The assessment of alveolar bone loss and determining patterns of disease progression with respect to different etiologic or contributing factors plays a vital role in the diagnosis of periodontitis, prognosis of the disease, and better treatment planning. This study aimed to determine periodontal bone loss using cone beam computed tomography images obtained from various age groups and evaluate the effects of age, sex, jaw type, tooth type, and tooth surface width on periodontal destruction. MATERIAL AND METHODS In total, 200 cone beam computed tomography images obtained for any indication were randomly selected and analyzed. The distance between the alveolar crest and cemento-enamel junction was measured, and values exceeding 2 mm were considered as bone loss. Furthermore, the buccolingual and mesiodistal widths of all teeth at the cemento-enamel junction were measured to determine tooth surface width. RESULTS Among the patients included in the study, bone loss increased with age. The highest bone loss was observed in the maxillary molars, followed by the mandibular incisors. Although there was no significant difference in mean bone loss values between the jaws, distal surfaces in the maxilla showed greater bone loss than that in the mandible. Furthermore, the relationship between tooth surface width at the cemento-enamel junction and bone loss varied by tooth type. In mandibular incisors and premolars, bone loss increased as the buccolingual and mesiodistal widths decreased. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that periodontal bone loss is influenced by age, sex, tooth type, and tooth surface width.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: None declared

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Placement of the vertical marker parallel to the long axis of the tooth. (I-CAT, Imaging Sciences Int, Hatfield, PA, USA).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Measurement of the cemento-enamel junction-to-alveolar crest distance in the posterior and anterior regions. (I-(I-CAT, Imaging Sciences Int, Hatfield, PA, USA).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Buccolingual width measurements in different teeth. (I-CAT, Imaging Sciences Int, Hatfield, PA, USA).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Ray RR. Periodontitis: An oral disease with severe consequences. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2023;195(1):17–32. - PubMed
    1. Tugnait A, Carmichael F. Use of radiographs in the diagnosis of periodontal disease. Dent Update. 2005;32(9):536–38. 541–42. - PubMed
    1. Zhong M, Huang J, Wu Z, et al. Potential roles of selectins in periodontal diseases and associated systemic diseases: Could they be targets for immunotherapy? Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(22):1428. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Villoria GEM, Fischer RG, Tinoco EMB, et al. Periodontal disease: A systemic condition. Periodontol 2000. 2024;96(1):7–19. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Sedghi LM, Bacino M, Kapila YL. Periodontal disease: The good, the bad, and the unknown. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021;11:766944. - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources