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Review
. 2025 Jul;103(6):504-508.
doi: 10.1111/imcb.70027. Epub 2025 May 4.

Highlights of 2024: Tregs immunometabolism and how to counter inflammatory niches

Nicolas Valentini  1   2 , Christopher J Requejo Cier  1   2 , Caroline Lamarche  2   3
Affiliations
Review

Highlights of 2024: Tregs immunometabolism and how to counter inflammatory niches

Nicolas Valentini et al. Immunol Cell Biol. 2025 Jul.

Abstract

In this article for the Highlights of 2024 Series, we discuss recent discoveries in Treg immunometabolism, which reveal how inflammatory niches alter Treg fate and function through distinct metabolic cues. Key findings include IL-21-driven mitochondrial dysfunction, lactate-enhanced OXPHOS via MGAT1, sphingolipid-dependent Treg differentiation in tumors, ferroptosis susceptibility under high-fat diets, and sex-specific adipose Treg subsets modulating glucose homeostasis. Together, these insights highlight potential metabolic targets to restore Treg function in inflammatory diseases and cancer.

Keywords: Tregs; glycolysis; immunometabolism; mitochondria; oxidative phosphorylation.

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References

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