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. 2025 Aug;52 Suppl 29(Suppl 29):4-33.
doi: 10.1111/jcpe.14152. Epub 2025 May 4.

Consensus Report of the 20th European Workshop on Periodontology: Contemporary and Emerging Technologies in Periodontal Diagnosis

David Herrera  1 , Maurizio S Tonetti  2 , Iain Chapple  3   4   5 , Moritz Kebschull  3   4   5   6 , Panos N Papapanou  6 , Anton Sculean  7 , Loreto Abusleme  8 , Mario Aimetti  9 , Georgios Belibasakis  10 , Juan Blanco  11 , Nagihan Bostanci  12 , Philippe Bouchard  13 , Nurcan Buduneli  14 , Elena Calciolari  15 , Maria Clotilde Carra  16 , Tali Chackartchi  17 , Bettina Dannewitz  18 , Monique Danser  19 , Ke Deng  20 , Jan Derks  21 , Thomas Dietrich  22 , Nicola Discepoli  23 , Kimon Divaris  24 , Henrik Dommisch  25 , Nikos Donos  15 , Nicolás Dutzan  26 , Peter Eickholz  18 , Bahar Eren Kuru  27 , Ricardo Faria Almeida  28 , Roberto Farina  29 , Balazs Feher  30 , Elena Figuero  1 , William Giannobile  30 , Marjolaine Gosset  13 , Filippo Graziani  31 , Ulvi K Gursoy  32 , Daniel Hagenfeld  33 , Karin Jepsen  34 , Sören Jepsen  34 , Purnima Kumar  35 , Marja L Laine  19 , France Lambert  36 , Niklaus P Lang  7 , Yuan Li  2 , Bruno Loos  19 , Phoebus Madianos  37 , Paula Matesanz  1 , Brian Mealey  38 , Ana Molina  1 , Eduardo Montero  1 , Luigi Nibali  39 , Philip Preshaw  40 , Mia Rakic  7 , Christoph Ramseier  7 , Giovanni Salvi  7 , Nerea Sánchez  1 , Ignacio Sanz-Sánchez  1 , Lior Shapira  41 , Andreas Stavropoulos  42 , Faleh Tamimi  43 , Wim Teughels  44 , Cristiano Tomasi  21 , Leonardo Trombelli  29 , Spyros Vassilopoulos  37 , Anders Verket  45 , Nicola West  46 , Peter Windisch  47 , Mariano Sanz  1
Affiliations

Consensus Report of the 20th European Workshop on Periodontology: Contemporary and Emerging Technologies in Periodontal Diagnosis

David Herrera et al. J Clin Periodontol. 2025 Aug.

Abstract

Background: This Consensus Workshop dealt with diagnostic methodologies in the context of surveillance, screening, assessment of stage and grade, prognosis, monitoring and prediction of periodontal status. Several elements provided the impetus for the workshop, including the limited quality of available research on diagnostic tests, the rapid development of new technologies, the implementation of the 2018 classification and the declarations of the World Health Organisation on diagnosis and oral health.

Aim: To update and evaluate the evidence on diagnostic methods, considering recent advances in knowledge and the implementation of the 2018 classification.

Methods: The European Workshop Committee of the European Federation of Periodontology guided the development of a consensus report after commissioning eight systematic reviews within three working groups. The reviews were discussed during the in-person consensus meeting involving 70 participants from 21 different countries.

Results: Working Group 1 discussed innovations in traditional diagnostic approaches, justified manual probing as the reference standard and assessed the value of image-based methods. Working Group 2 analysed diagnostic tests based on microbial and host biomarkers and genetic diagnostic tests. Working Group 3 covered emerging technologies to be used within dental and non-dental clinical settings, focusing principally on the impact of questionnaire-based assessments and artificial intelligence systems (AIS) in interpreting different data modalities.

Conclusion: Although manual periodontal probing is firmly established as the reference standard, additional approaches based on imaging, biomarkers, host genetics, questionnaires and the development of emerging applied data science methods (e.g., AIS) are increasingly integrated in periodontal diagnostics.

Keywords: artificial intelligence systems; biomarkers; medical imaging; periodontal probing; periodontology; questionnaires; radiographs.

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Conflict of interest statement

Individual potential conflicts of interest forms were completed by all participants and are available on file at the European Federation of Periodontology.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Workshop participants during the in‐person meeting in La Granja de San Ildefonso, Segovia, Spain.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Workshop participants in Working Group 1.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Workshop participants in Working Group 2.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Workshop participants in Working Group 3.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
Decision tree for clinical and radiographic examination during initial periodontal diagnosis and post‐treatment assessment. 2D, two‐dimensional; BOP, bleeding on probing; CAL, clinical attachment loss; PD, probing depth; REC, gingival recession; SPC, supportive periodontal care.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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