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Review
. 2025 Apr 30:18:2387-2399.
doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S510034. eCollection 2025.

Instruments for Assessing Patient Independence in Self-Care: A Scoping Review

Theresia Eriyani  1 , Iwan Shalahuddin  2 , Sandra Pebrianti  3 , Indra Maulana  4
Affiliations
Review

Instruments for Assessing Patient Independence in Self-Care: A Scoping Review

Theresia Eriyani et al. J Multidiscip Healthc. .

Abstract

Aim: Measuring patients' independence in caring for themselves is essential in nursing care, especially in the internal medicine room environment. Many patients with various conditions need help in self-care.

Objective: To identify the right instrument to measure patients' level of independence in performing self-care.

Methods: The scoping review uses the PICO framework through PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus databases.

Results: Nine instruments/measuring tools can be used to measure the level of independence of patients in self-care, namely CDS, Barthel Index and MBI (Modified Barthel Index), SCHFI, ECOG, Self-care ability questionnaire, DCTAQ, and Revised Summary of Diabetes Self-Care.

Conclusion: Some instruments have various assessment methods and scores but can provide helpful information for health practitioners to assess patient independence. The instrument has been tested for validity and reliability in multiple studies. No instrument is absolutely the best, as each instrument has its advantages according to its context and purpose of use.

Keywords: internal medicine; measuring instruments; patient Independence level; self-care.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest in this study.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA flow diagram. Adapted from Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, et al. PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2018;169:467–473. Creative Commons.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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