The Pulse of Primary Care

Elizabeth Goelz¹, Mark Linzer², Erin Britton^{3

4}, Kurt C Stange^{4

5}, Martha Gonzalez⁶, Rebecca Etz^{4

6}

Affiliations

¹ Hennepin Healthcare, Institute for Professional Worklife and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. elizabeth.goelz@hcmed.org.
² Hennepin Healthcare, Institute for Professional Worklife and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
³ School of Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
⁴ The Larry A. Green Center, Richmond, VA, USA.
⁵ Center for Community Health Integration, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
⁶ Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.

PMID: 40329030
PMCID: PMC12612286 (available on 2026-11-01)
DOI: 10.1007/s11606-025-09561-z

The Pulse of Primary Care

Elizabeth Goelz et al. J Gen Intern Med. 2025 Nov.

. 2025 Nov;40(15):3775-3777.

doi: 10.1007/s11606-025-09561-z. Epub 2025 May 6.

Authors

Elizabeth Goelz¹, Mark Linzer², Erin Britton^{3

4}, Kurt C Stange^{4

5}, Martha Gonzalez⁶, Rebecca Etz^{4

6}

Affiliations

¹ Hennepin Healthcare, Institute for Professional Worklife and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. elizabeth.goelz@hcmed.org.
² Hennepin Healthcare, Institute for Professional Worklife and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
³ School of Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
⁴ The Larry A. Green Center, Richmond, VA, USA.
⁵ Center for Community Health Integration, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
⁶ Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.

PMID: 40329030
PMCID: PMC12612286 (available on 2026-11-01)
DOI: 10.1007/s11606-025-09561-z

No abstract available

Keywords: Burnout; Primary care; Workforce.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declarations:. Conflict of Interest:: Dr. Linzer and Dr. Goelz have been supported through their employer Hennepin Healthcare for burnout reduction studies by the American Medical Association and Institute for Healthcare Improvement as well as other large health systems. Dr. Linzer is also supported by the Optum Office for Provider Advancement, the NIH, and AHRQ. Human Ethics and Consent to Participate Declarations:: IRB exemption was obtained.

References

1. Prasad K, McLoughlin C, Stillman M, et al. Prevalence and correlates of stress and burnout among U.S. healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A national cross-sectional survey study. Lancet-eclinicalmedicine. 2021. 35. 100879. 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100879. - PMC - PubMed
1. Sullivan E, et al. Primary Care in Peril: How Clinicians Views the Problems and Solutions. NEJM Catalyst. 2023 May;4(6).
1. Etz RS, Solid CA, Gonzalez MM, et al. Is primary care ready for a potential new public health emergency in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, now subsided? Fam Pract. 2024 Oct 8;41(5):732-39. - PubMed
1. Milbank Memorial Fund. The health of US primary care baseline scorecard data dashboard 2023. https://www.milbank.org/primary-care-scorecard/. Accessed 15 Oct 2024.
1. Neprash H, Golberstein E, Ganguli I, et al. Association of Evaluation and Management payment policy changes with Medicare payment to physicians by specialty. JAMA. 2023;329(8):662-669. - PMC - PubMed

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The Pulse of Primary Care

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The Pulse of Primary Care

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