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Case Reports
. 2025 May 6;13(13):100822.
doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v13.i13.100822.

Mandibular left first premolar with three roots and three canals: A case report

Cheng-Yi Lin  1 , Yue-Yuan Yu  1   2
Affiliations
Case Reports

Mandibular left first premolar with three roots and three canals: A case report

Cheng-Yi Lin et al. World J Clin Cases. .

Abstract

Background: The numbers of mandibular first premolar roots and root canals vary, and the incidence of three roots and three canals is 0.09%.

Case summary: In this article, we review the root and root canal conditions for the mandibular first premolar and report the case of a mandibular left first premolar with three roots and three canals in a male patient, with suggestions for clinical diagnosis and treatment. The patient was referred by an orthodontist for the extraction of the tooth. Preoperative cone-beam computed tomography examination revealed that it had three roots. Under local anesthesia, the extraction socket was carefully expanded, and the tooth was successfully removed intact using forceps. The procedure was uneventful, with no root fractures, postoperative bleeding, or sensory abnormality observed.

Conclusion: The mandibular first premolar is characterized by multiple roots and canal variations that can increase the difficulty of treatment.

Keywords: Case report; Mandibular first premolar; Three root canals; Three roots; Tooth extraction.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Vertucci classification.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Panoramic radiograph.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Cone-beam computed tomography views of tooth 34 (orange arrows). A: From buccal to lingual; B: From the occlusal surface to the apical region; C: From mesial to distal.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Views of the tooth 34 surfaces. A: Mesial; B: Buccal; C: Distal; D: Lingual; E: Occlusal; F: Apical (a: Buccal root; b: Mesiolingual root; c: Distolingual root); G: Illustration of the buccal, mesiolingual, and distolingual root canals.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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