Abusive Head Trauma

Abstract

Abusive head trauma is a form of child maltreatment that is most prevalent in the first year of life and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The varying clinical presentation and findings associated with abusive head trauma can make it challenging to diagnose. This article reviews current knowledge of the epidemiology, presentation, recommended evaluation, and differential diagnosis of abusive head trauma. Outcomes after abusive head trauma, as well as the efficacy of current prevention programs are discussed with additional recommendations for opportunities for future study.

Keywords: Abusive head trauma; Child abuse; Child maltreatment prevention; Mimics of child abuse; Non-accidental trauma; Shaken baby syndrome.