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Case Reports
. 2025 May 7;26(1):229.
doi: 10.1186/s12882-025-04159-3.

Miliary Tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis associated with invasive aspergillosis in a renal transplant recipient

Andrade Sierra Jorge  1   2 , Carvallo-Venegas Mauricio  3 , Andrade-Ortega Antonio de Jesús  4 , Andrade-Ortega Jorge  4 , Cerrillos-Gutiérrez José Ignacio  3 , Aguilar-Fletes Laura Elizabeth  3 , Briseño-Hernández Andres Alejandro  5 , Carrasco-Carrizosa Aldo  6
Affiliations
Case Reports

Miliary Tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis associated with invasive aspergillosis in a renal transplant recipient

Andrade Sierra Jorge et al. BMC Nephrol. .

Abstract

Infections in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) carry great risk of morbidity-mortality, and the risk of graft loss. Concomitant infections, although common in immunosuppressed patients, should be highly suspected. The present case involves a RTR with opportunistic pulmonary co-infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb), Mycobacterium smegmatis (MSm), and Aspergillus spp. While MSm can be a colonizing microorganism, we demonstrate that it can also be pathogenic.

Keywords: Aspergillus; Mycobacterium; Renal transplant.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki 1964. The name of the ethics committee that approved the study and the committee’s reference number if appropriate; Not applicable. Consent for publication: The patient has provided written informed permission for for publication of this case report, as well as any identificable images. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Thin-slice chest CT scan: bilateral generalized micronodular pattern with right hilar pulmonary consolidation and a ground-glass pattern
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
A cytological smear at 40x magnification, Ziehl-Neelsen stain shows the presence of three acid-fast bacilli (circled)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Cytological smear. PAS stain at 40x magnification. The presence of septate and branched hyphae with acute angles of 90 and 45º, with well-defined walls on a necrotic background is identified
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

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