ENH reports contracts from the Global Listening Project and Council on Foreign Relations outside of the submitted work. In partial support of M-LC and TB's work, MSM's lab has recently been awarded funds for a postdoctoral fellowship from Moderna; this funding did not influence the design, conduct, or reporting of the current study. All data used in these analyses are openly available and hosted on our GitHub repository, along with our code scripts and supplementary materials. Authors contributed as follows: conceptualisation (ENH, M-LC, and MSM), data curation (ENH, M-LC, and TB), formal analysis (ENH), methodology (ENH, M-LC, TB, and MSM), validation (ENH, M-LC, TB, and MSM), visualisation (ENH, M-LC, and MSM), original draft (ENH, M-LC, TB, and MSM), and review and editing (ENH, M-LC, TB, and MSM). This research was supported in part by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health (R35GM146974) and the National Science Foundation (SES2230083 and IIS2229881). The funding sources had no involvement in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. All other authors declare no competing interests.