doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.03.027.
Online ahead of print.
Thalamocortical Structural Covariation Networks Are Related to Familial Risk for Schizophrenia in the Context of Lower Nuclei Volume Estimates in Patients: An ENIGMA Study
Annalisa Lella
1
, Linda A Antonucci
1
, Roberta Passiatore
2
, Loredana Bellantuono
3
, Pierluigi Selvaggi
4
, Teresa Popolizio
5
, Guido Di Sciascio
6
, Alessandro Saponaro
7
, Patrizia Ricci
8
, Mario Altamura
9
, Giuseppe Blasi
4
, Antonio Rampino
4
, Chris Vriend
10
, Vince D Calhoun
11
, Kelly Rootes-Murdy
11
, Aaron L Goldman
12
, Inmaculada Baeza
13
, Josefina Castro-Fornieles
13
, Gisela Sugranyes
13
, Elena De la Serna
13
, Edith Pomarol-Clotet
14
, Mar Fatjó-Vilas
14
, Raymond Salvador
14
, Andriana Karuk
14
, Paola Fuentes-Claramonte
14
, David C Glahn
15
, Amanda L Rodrigue
16
, John Blangero
17
, Lei Wang
18
, Taeyoung Lee
19
, Karolin E Einenkel
20
, Saskia Hamers
21
, Oliver Gruber
20
, Adrian Preda
22
, Young-Chul Chung
23
, Soyolsaikhan Odkhuu
24
, Corentin Vallée
25
, Paola Dazzan
26
, Machteld Marcelis
27
, Stijn Michielse
27
, Katharina Brosch
28
, Frederike Stein
29
, Igor Nenadić
29
, Benjamin Straube
29
, Florian Thomas-Odenthal
29
, Tilo Kircher
29
, Sean Carruthers
30
, Susan L Rossell
30
, Phillip J Sumner
30
, Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
31
, Caroline Demro
32
, Ian S Ramsay
32
, Scott R Sponheim
33
, Rebekka Lencer
34
, Susanne Meinert
34
, Tim Hahn
34
, Udo Dannlowski
34
, Dominik Grotegerd
34
, Mariateresa Ciccarelli
35
, Felice Iasevoli
35
, Giuseppe Pontillo
36
, Godfrey D Pearlson
37
, Derin Cobia
38
, Fabrizio Piras
39
, Nerisa Banaj
39
, Daniela Vecchio
39
, Marjolein E A Barendse
40
, Neeltje E M van Haren
40
, Hang Joon Jo
41
, Kang Sim
42
, Yann Quidé
43
, Melissa J Green
44
, Rachael Slate
45
, Giacomo Cecere
46
, Wolfgang Omlor
46
, Stephanie Homan
46
, Philipp Homan
46
, Sophia I Thomopoulos
47
; Apulian Network on Risk for Psychosis; Jessica A Turner
48
, Theo G M van Erp
49
, Paul M Thompson
47
, Alessandro Bertolino
4
, Giulio Pergola
50
Collaborators,
Affiliations
Collaborators
- Apulian Network on Risk for Psychosis:
Affiliations
- 1 Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
- 2 Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy; Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, Maryland.
- 3 Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Bari, Italy.
- 4 Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy.
- 5 Neuroradiology Unit, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.
- 6 Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Bari, Bari, Italy.
- 7 Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Brindisi, Brindisi, Italy.
- 8 Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Barletta Andria Trani, Barletta-Andria-Trani, Italy.
- 9 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
- 10 Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry and Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Compulsivity, Impulsivity and Attention, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- 11 Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia State University, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
- 12 Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, Maryland.
- 13 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain.
- 14 FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
- 15 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, Connecticut.
- 16 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
- 17 Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, School of Medicine at University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas.
- 18 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Neuroscience, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
- 19 Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
- 20 Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
- 21 Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Clinical Psychology and Sexual Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
- 22 Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California.
- 23 Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University, Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea.
- 24 Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University, Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea.
- 25 Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
- 26 Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health and Care Research Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
- 27 Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
- 28 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Institute of Behavioral Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York.
- 29 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
- 30 Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- 31 Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- 32 Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
- 33 Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
- 34 Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
- 35 Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences, and Dentistry, University School of Medicine Federico II, Naples, Italy.
- 36 Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University "Federico II," Naples, Italy.
- 37 Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, Connecticut; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
- 38 Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.
- 39 Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.
- 40 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
- 41 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
- 42 West Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore.
- 43 School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.
- 44 Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- 45 Department of Psychiatry, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio.
- 46 Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- 47 Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
- 48 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
- 49 Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California; Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California.
- 50 Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy; Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. Electronic address: giulio.pergola@uniba.it.
- PMID: 40345610
- DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.03.027
Item in Clipboard
Thalamocortical Structural Covariation Networks Are Related to Familial Risk for Schizophrenia in the Context of Lower Nuclei Volume Estimates in Patients: An ENIGMA Study
Annalisa Lella et al.
Biol Psychiatry.
.
Display options
Format
doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.03.027.
Online ahead of print.
Authors
Annalisa Lella
1
, Linda A Antonucci
1
, Roberta Passiatore
2
, Loredana Bellantuono
3
, Pierluigi Selvaggi
4
, Teresa Popolizio
5
, Guido Di Sciascio
6
, Alessandro Saponaro
7
, Patrizia Ricci
8
, Mario Altamura
9
, Giuseppe Blasi
4
, Antonio Rampino
4
, Chris Vriend
10
, Vince D Calhoun
11
, Kelly Rootes-Murdy
11
, Aaron L Goldman
12
, Inmaculada Baeza
13
, Josefina Castro-Fornieles
13
, Gisela Sugranyes
13
, Elena De la Serna
13
, Edith Pomarol-Clotet
14
, Mar Fatjó-Vilas
14
, Raymond Salvador
14
, Andriana Karuk
14
, Paola Fuentes-Claramonte
14
, David C Glahn
15
, Amanda L Rodrigue
16
, John Blangero
17
, Lei Wang
18
, Taeyoung Lee
19
, Karolin E Einenkel
20
, Saskia Hamers
21
, Oliver Gruber
20
, Adrian Preda
22
, Young-Chul Chung
23
, Soyolsaikhan Odkhuu
24
, Corentin Vallée
25
, Paola Dazzan
26
, Machteld Marcelis
27
, Stijn Michielse
27
, Katharina Brosch
28
, Frederike Stein
29
, Igor Nenadić
29
, Benjamin Straube
29
, Florian Thomas-Odenthal
29
, Tilo Kircher
29
, Sean Carruthers
30
, Susan L Rossell
30
, Phillip J Sumner
30
, Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
31
, Caroline Demro
32
, Ian S Ramsay
32
, Scott R Sponheim
33
, Rebekka Lencer
34
, Susanne Meinert
34
, Tim Hahn
34
, Udo Dannlowski
34
, Dominik Grotegerd
34
, Mariateresa Ciccarelli
35
, Felice Iasevoli
35
, Giuseppe Pontillo
36
, Godfrey D Pearlson
37
, Derin Cobia
38
, Fabrizio Piras
39
, Nerisa Banaj
39
, Daniela Vecchio
39
, Marjolein E A Barendse
40
, Neeltje E M van Haren
40
, Hang Joon Jo
41
, Kang Sim
42
, Yann Quidé
43
, Melissa J Green
44
, Rachael Slate
45
, Giacomo Cecere
46
, Wolfgang Omlor
46
, Stephanie Homan
46
, Philipp Homan
46
, Sophia I Thomopoulos
47
; Apulian Network on Risk for Psychosis; Jessica A Turner
48
, Theo G M van Erp
49
, Paul M Thompson
47
, Alessandro Bertolino
4
, Giulio Pergola
50
Collaborators
- Apulian Network on Risk for Psychosis:
Affiliations
- 1 Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
- 2 Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy; Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, Maryland.
- 3 Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Bari, Italy.
- 4 Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy.
- 5 Neuroradiology Unit, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.
- 6 Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Bari, Bari, Italy.
- 7 Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Brindisi, Brindisi, Italy.
- 8 Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Barletta Andria Trani, Barletta-Andria-Trani, Italy.
- 9 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
- 10 Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry and Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Compulsivity, Impulsivity and Attention, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- 11 Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia State University, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
- 12 Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, Maryland.
- 13 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain.
- 14 FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
- 15 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, Connecticut.
- 16 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
- 17 Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, School of Medicine at University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas.
- 18 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Neuroscience, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
- 19 Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
- 20 Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
- 21 Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Clinical Psychology and Sexual Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
- 22 Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California.
- 23 Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University, Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea.
- 24 Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University, Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea.
- 25 Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
- 26 Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health and Care Research Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
- 27 Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
- 28 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Institute of Behavioral Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York.
- 29 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
- 30 Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- 31 Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- 32 Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
- 33 Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
- 34 Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
- 35 Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences, and Dentistry, University School of Medicine Federico II, Naples, Italy.
- 36 Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University "Federico II," Naples, Italy.
- 37 Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, Connecticut; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
- 38 Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.
- 39 Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.
- 40 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
- 41 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
- 42 West Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore.
- 43 School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.
- 44 Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- 45 Department of Psychiatry, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio.
- 46 Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- 47 Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
- 48 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
- 49 Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California; Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California.
- 50 Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy; Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. Electronic address: giulio.pergola@uniba.it.
- PMID: 40345610
- DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.03.027
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Abstract
Background: Structural brain differences in the thalamus and the cortex have been widely reported in schizophrenia (SCZ) relative to neurotypical control individuals (NCs). Most previous studies examined the thalamus as a whole as a single region of interest. In addition, findings in individuals at familial high risk for SCZ (FHRs) remain inconclusive. Here, we investigated whether local and network-wide thalamic-related structural alterations vary as a function of familial risk for SCZ.
Methods: Structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained from 5197 participants (NC, n = 3409; FHR, n = 257; SCZ, n = 1531) across 32 cross-sectional samples within the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) Consortium. Random-effects meta-analyses and network analyses were conducted on 1) local thalamic alterations (volume estimates of 7 thalamic subdivisions) and 2) network-wide thalamic alterations (thickness and surface-related thalamocortical/corticocortical covariation patterns) across groups (NC, FHR, SCZ).
Results: Individuals with SCZ showed significantly lower gray matter volume estimates in the anterior, pulvinar, medial, posterior, and ventral thalamic subdivisions compared with NCs (false discovery rate-corrected q [qFDR] < .05). FHRs did not differ from NCs. At the network-wide level, thalamocortical covariations discriminated FHRs from NCs (qFDR < .05), with FHRs showing intermediate covariation between individuals with SCZ and NCs. Corticocortical covariation patterns revealed that individuals with SCZ and FHRs shared similarly disconnected clustering configurations, distinct from NCs (qFDR < .05).
Conclusions: Results revealed lower thalamic volume estimates in individuals with SCZ but not in FHRs, hence yielding no evidence of a familial risk trait, whereas thalamocortical and corticocortical covariation estimates were associated with familial risk for SCZ. These findings suggest that, once the thalamus is parsed into subdivisions, network-wide thalamocortical features may identify trait-dependent, neurobiological correlates of genetic risk for SCZ.
Keywords: Familial high risk for schizophrenia; Meta-analyses; Morphometric measures; Structural neuroimaging; Thalamic subdivisions; Thalamocortical networks.
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