Insights Into the Australian Stepped Care Model in Primary Mental Health Care: A Qualitative Study With Informal Carers

Abstract

Informal carers of people living with mental illness play a significant role in their overall care. This qualitative study investigates informal carers' vital yet often overlooked experiences supporting individuals with mental health conditions within the Australian stepped care model (SCM). Through semistructured interviews with seven carers, the research highlights their perceptions of the SCM's effectiveness and challenges in navigating mental health services. Key themes that emerged include (a) the toll of caring, (b) the hidden door to the SCM, (c) steps towards recovery, (d) carers included in the circle and (e) fine-tuning to elevate the SCM. These findings reveal that while the SCM provides a structured pathway for recovery, many carers encounter significant barriers, a lack of awareness about available services, insufficient support and difficulties accessing the appropriate level of care for their loved ones. The emotional and psychological toll of caregiving is emphasised as carers frequently experience stress, guilt and frustration. Many participants reported feeling overwhelmed by coordinating care and managing crises, adversely impacting their well-being. Moreover, the study underscores the necessity of including carers as active participants in the treatment process. Carers desired better communication with healthcare providers and greater involvement in decision making. Enhancing the visibility of services within the SCM and providing tailored support for carers are critical steps towards improving their overall experience. Addressing these issues can create a more inclusive and effective mental health care system, ultimately benefiting consumers and their caregivers. The findings offer valuable insights for mental health practitioners, policymakers and service providers, emphasising the need for a more integrated approach that recognises and supports the essential role of carers.

Keywords: access to services; consumer outcomes; informal Carers; primary mental health; stepped care model.

FIGURE 1

Braun and Clarke (2006) adapted steps for conducting the thematic analysis for this study.