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. 2025 Aug 6;33(8):3917-3938.
doi: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2025.05.010. Epub 2025 May 9.

RNAi-mediated silencing of SOD1 profoundly extends survival and functional outcomes in ALS mice

Alexandra Weiss  1 , James W Gilbert  2 , Iris Valeria Rivera Flores  2 , Jillian Belgrad  2 , Chantal Ferguson  2 , Elif O Dogan  1 , Nicholas Wightman  1 , Kit Mocarski  3 , Dimas Echeverria  2 , Ashley L Harkins  4 , Ashley Summers  2 , Brianna Bramato  2 , Nicholas McHugh  2 , Raymond Furgal  2 , Nozomi Yamada  2 , David Cooper  2 , Kathryn Monopoli  2 , Bruno M D C Godinho  2 , Matthew R Hassler  2 , Ken Yamada  2 , Paul Greer  5 , Nils Henninger  6 , Robert H Brown Jr  7 , Anastasia Khvorova  8
Affiliations

RNAi-mediated silencing of SOD1 profoundly extends survival and functional outcomes in ALS mice

Alexandra Weiss et al. Mol Ther. .

Abstract

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative condition, with 20% of familial and 2%-3% of sporadic cases linked to mutations in the cytosolic superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene. Mutant SOD1 protein is toxic to motor neurons, making SOD1 gene suppression a promising approach, supported by preclinical data and the 2023 Federal Drug Administration (FDA) approval of the GapmeR ASO targeting SOD1, tofersen. Despite the approval of an ASO and the optimism it brings to the field, the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of therapeutic SOD1 modulation can be improved. Here, we developed a chemically stabilized divalent siRNA scaffold (di-siRNA) that effectively suppresses SOD1 expression in vitro and in vivo. With optimized chemical modification, it achieves remarkable CNS tissue permeation and SOD1 silencing in vivo. Administered intraventricularly, di-siRNASOD1 extended survival in SOD1-G93A ALS mice, increasing survival beyond that previously seen in these mice by ASO modalities, slowed disease progression according to the standard ALS preclinical endpoints, and attenuated ALS neuropathology. These properties offer an improved therapeutic strategy for SOD1-mediated ALS and may extend to other dominantly inherited neurological disorders.

Keywords: ASO; RNAi; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; siRNA; translational.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of interests A.K. is a co-founder, on the scientific advisory board, and holds equities of Atalanta Therapeutics; A.K. is a founder of Comanche Pharmaceuticals and on the scientific advisory board of Aldena Therapeutics, AlltRNA, Prime Medicine, and EVOX Therapeutics; select authors hold patents or on patent applications relating to the divalent siRNA, SOD1-targeting oligonucleotides, and the methods described in this report. N.H. received compensation for other services from Myrobalan Inc. and General Dynamics during the conduct of this study, unrelated to the present work.

Update of

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