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. 2025 Nov 5:340:126360.
doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2025.126360. Epub 2025 May 10.

Spectral and cytotoxicity studies of hybrid silver nanoparticles in human lymphocytes

Bojana B Laban  1 , Uroš Ralević  2 , Andreja Leskovac  3 , Sandra Petrović  3 , Milovan Stoiljković  3 , Milena Rosić  3 , Ana Vujačić Nikezić  3
Affiliations

Spectral and cytotoxicity studies of hybrid silver nanoparticles in human lymphocytes

Bojana B Laban et al. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. .

Abstract

This study used Raman spectroscopy and genotoxicity/cytotoxicity assays to investigate the synthesized hybrid silver nanoparticles (Ag@LM/ICG NPs) and their effects on human lymphocytes. Raman spectroscopy was employed to obtain detailed chemical information on Ag@LM/ICG NPs and biochemical insights into untreated and Ag@LM/ICG NPs-treated lymphocytes. While average Raman spectra of NPs-treated cells showed no visible changes at the single-cell level, Raman mapping revealed a high background of some spectra, suggesting the presence of NPs within cells and/or NPs-induced cell structure alterations. Complementary cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessments showed that Ag@LM/ICG NPs are non-cytotoxic and non-genotoxic to human lymphocytes at the tested concentration range, with cell viability exceeding 84%. These findings underscore the safety and potential of Ag@LM/ICG NPs as biocompatible agents for biomedical applications.

Keywords: Cytotoxicity; Genotoxicity; Lymphocytes; Raman spectroscopy; Silver nanoparticles.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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