K. Müssig: none. As co-author, B. Gallwitz declares the following potential conflicts of interest in the last 3 years: Advisory boards/consultant activities: AstraZeneca, Bayer Vital, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly & Co., Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novo Nordisk; lecture fees: AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly & Co., Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novo Nordisk. Company shares: none. As co-author, T. Haak declares the following potential conflicts of interest in the last 3 years: Advisory boards/consultant activities: MSD, Astra-Zeneca, Roche, Abbott; lecturing activities: Diabetes Academy Bad Mergentheim e.V., Abbott. Research project/implementation of clinical trials: Boehringer Ingelheim, Principal Investigator, AstraZeneca, Abbott REPLACE study. As co-author, M. Kellerer declares the following potential conflicts of interest: Research Support (RCT): AstraZeneca, Lilly, Novo Nordisk. Membership in advisory bodies: Abbott, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi. Lecture fees: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, BMS, Novartis, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novo Nordisk. As co-author, E. Siegel declares the following potential conflicts of interest in the last 3 years: Advisory boards/consultant activities: Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly & Co., Novo Nordisk; Nevro; Lecturing activities: AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly & Co., Novo Nordisk. Company shares: none.