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. 2025 May 7;18(9):2159.
doi: 10.3390/ma18092159.

Development of Thin Carbon-Ceramic Based Coatings in Roll-to-Roll Mode: Tribological and Corrosion Results on Stainless Steel

Mª Fe Menéndez Suárez  1 , Pascal Sanchez  1 , Ana L Martínez Díez  1 , Beatriz Mingo Roman  2 , Marta Mohedano Sánchez  2
Affiliations

Development of Thin Carbon-Ceramic Based Coatings in Roll-to-Roll Mode: Tribological and Corrosion Results on Stainless Steel

Mª Fe Menéndez Suárez et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

In this work, silicon oxide based coatings with embedded graphene nanoplatelets (content ranging from 1.8 wt.% to 7.2 wt.%) have been developed following the sol-gel route, using AISI430 stainless steel as substrate and dip and roll-to-roll as coating techniques. The tribological and corrosion behaviour of these coatings have been evaluated and compared to bare steel. Concerning tribological behaviour, the coefficient of friction and wear print were significantly reduced with increasing the graphene nanoplatelets content. Regarding corrosion, all coatings showed improved corrosion behaviour compared to bare steel. However, higher concentration of nanoplatelets revealed a negative effect on the corrosion resistance, probably due to aggregation. Taking into account these two counteracting effects, as final part of this work, a bilayer coating with different graphene content has been proposed and fabricated. A top layer, with high graphene nanoplatelets concentration has allowed enhanced tribological properties whereas bottom layer, with no graphene nanoplatelets assures corrosion inhibition under harsh environments.

Keywords: carbon nanomaterials; coatings; corrosion; graphene nanoplatelets; sol-gel; tribology.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
FEG-SEM image of graphene platelets.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) FEG-SEM image corresponding to 3.6 wt.% graphene SiOx coating on AISI430. (b) Measured thickness of the developed coatings as function of graphene nanoplatelets content.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Confocal topography (128 μm × 96 μm) of the coatings. Real microscopy image caption has been superimposed for clarity.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Average roughness of the coatings as function of graphene nanoplatelets content.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Raman spectra of the coatings as function of graphene nanoplatelets content. The curves have been vertically displaced for clarity.
Figure 6
Figure 6
(a) Average values of coefficient of friction and (b) volume loss values for all the coatings as function of graphene nanoplatelets content.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Potentiometric curves of coatings as function of graphene nanoplatelets content.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Graphene nanoplatelets agglomeration in sol-gel coating surface for the 7.2 wt.% sample.
Figure 9
Figure 9
FEG-SEM image corresponding to the manufactured bilayer coating.
Figure 10
Figure 10
(a) COF average values for all the studies samples, including bare steel and bilayer. (b) Passivation region for all the samples as extracted from potentiometric curves.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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