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. 2025 Jan-Apr;18(1):90-93.
doi: 10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_184_24. Epub 2025 Apr 22.

Development and Validation of Integrated Yoga Module for Hypertension

K S Nibedita  1 , Suchitra S Patil  1 , Amit Singh  1 , R Nagarathna  2
Affiliations

Development and Validation of Integrated Yoga Module for Hypertension

K S Nibedita et al. Int J Yoga. 2025 Jan-Apr.

Abstract

Objectives: Hypertension (HTN), a lifestyle disorder, is characterized by elevated blood pressure and autonomic imbalance.

Material and methods: There is a bidirectional association between anxiety, depression, and HTN. Studies have reported the beneficial role of yoga in alleviating the symptoms of HTN; however, a validated integrated yoga module (IYM) for HTN is unavailable. The objective of this study was to develop and validate an IYM for HTN. The IYM was prepared after a thorough review of classical yoga texts and publications on yoga/meditation for HTN.

Results: Twenty experienced yoga experts, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, were selected for validating the content of the IYM.

Conclusion: A total of 31 practices were included in the IYM, and the experts were requested to rate each practice as (i) not essential, (ii) useful but not essential, and (iii) essential; the content validity ratio (CVR) was calculated using Lawshe's formula. Out of 31 practices, 4 practices had the least CVR ratio (45 for a 20 expert panel) with a mean CVR of 0.68. This IYM for HTN has good content validity.

Keywords: Hypertension; integrated approach of yoga therapy; stress; yoga.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

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