The Impact of 18F-FDG PET/CT and Related Parameters on Staging, Disease Management and Prognosis in Patients with Cholangiocarcinoma
- PMID: 40366243
- PMCID: PMC12134965
- DOI: 10.4274/mirt.galenos.2025.62134
The Impact of 18F-FDG PET/CT and Related Parameters on Staging, Disease Management and Prognosis in Patients with Cholangiocarcinoma
Abstract
Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the relationship of 18Fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) parameters with diagnostic efficacy, disease management and prognosis in patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). The prognostic value of the spleen/liver 18F-FDG uptake ratio was also investigated.
Methods: The clinical and imaging findings of 39 patients who met the diagnostic criteria and underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging for staging between 2013 and 2023 were retrospectively analysed.
Results: The tumour was intrahepatic in 34 patients and extrahepatic in 5 patients. PET/CT detected nodal involvement in 21 patients (53.8%) and distant metastases in 35 patients (89.7%). Fourteen cases (35.9%) had regional-distant metastases detected by PET/CT but not by magnetic resonance imaging/CT, and the stage of the disease changed accordingly. SUVmax, SUVmean, metabolic tumor volume, tumour lesion glycolysis, tumor-to-liver ratio (tumour/liver parenchyma SUVmax), tumor-to-background ratio (tumour/blood pool SUVmax), tumor-stroma ratio (tumour/spleen parenchyma SUVmax), and standardized liver ratio (SLR) (spleen/liver SUVmax) did not differ based on tumour location. Recurrence occurred in 14 patients (35.9%), and 2 patients survived. When the cut-off values for the parameters were determined by the Youden index, progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly shorter in patients with an SLR value of less than 0.94 compared to the others (p=0.04). Nodal involvement, metastatic location, and other PET/CT parameters had no significant effect on PFS and overall survival.
Conclusion: Our results highlight the efficacy of 18F-FDG PET/CT in staging nodal and distant metastases, similar to several studies in patients with CCA. Although SLR was found to have significant efficacy in PFS among the parameters we analysed, it is appropriate to evaluate the prognostic significance of these parameters in larger patient groups.
Amaç: Bu çalışmada, 18Flor-florodeoksiglukoz (18F-FDG) pozitron emisyon tomografisi/bilgisayarlı tomografi (PET/BT) parametrelerinin kolanjiyokarsinom (CCK) hastalarında tanısal etkinlik, hastalık yönetimi ve prognoz ile ilişkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Ayrıca dalak/karaciğer 18F-FDG tutulum oranının prognostik değerini de araştırdık.
Yöntem: 2013-2023 yılları arasında tanı kriterlerini karşılayan ve evreleme için 18F-FDG PET/BT görüntülemesi yapılan 39 hastanın klinik ve görüntüleme bulguları retrospektif olarak analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Tümör 34 hastada intrahepatik, 5 hastada ise ekstrahepatikti. PET/BT ile 21 hastada (%53,8) nodal tutulum ve 35 hastada (%89,7) uzak metastaz tespit edildi. On dört olguda (%35,9) PET/BT ile bölgesel-uzak metastaz tespit edilirken manyetik rezonans görüntüleme/BT ile tespit edilemedi ve hastalığın evresi buna göre değişti. SUVmaks, SUVort, metabolik tümör volümü, tümör lezyon glikolizi, tümör/karaciğer oranı (tümör/karaciğer parankimi SUVmaks), tümör-arka plan oranı (tümör/kan havuzu SUVmaks), tümör-stroma oranı (tümör/dalak parankimi SUVmaks) ve standartlaştırılmış karaciğer oranı (SLR) (dalak/karaciğer SUVmaks) değerleri tümör yerleşimlerine göre farklılık göstermedi. Hastaların 14’ünde (%35,9) nüks gelişti ve 2 hastada sağkalım mevcuttu. Youden indeksi ile parametreler için cut-off değerleri belirlendiğinde, SLR değeri 0,94’ün altında olan hastalarda progresyonsuz sağkalım (PFS) diğerlerine kıyasla anlamlı olarak daha kısaydı (p=0,04). Nodal tutulum, metastatik yerleşim ve diğer PET/BT parametrelerinin PFS ve genel sağkalım üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi yoktu.
Sonuç: Bulgularımız, 18F-FDG PET/BT’nin nodal ve uzak metastaz evrelemesindeki etkinliğini vurgulamakta olup, CCK hastalarında yapılan birçok çalışmaya benzerdir. SLR, analiz ettiğimiz parametreler arasında PFS’de anlamlı etkinliğe sahip bulunsa da, bu parametrelerin prognostik öneminin daha büyük hasta gruplarında değerlendirilmesi uygun olacaktır.
Keywords: 18Fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose; Cholangiocellular carcinoma; positron emission tomography; positron emission tomography/computed tomography; survival.
Copyright© 2025 The Author. Published by Galenos Publishing House on behalf of the Turkish Society of Nuclear Medicine.
Conflict of interest statement
Conflict of Interest: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.
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