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. 2025 May 12:34:e20240014.
doi: 10.1590/S2237-96222025v34e20240014.en. eCollection 2025.

HIV prevalence and factors associated with HIV positivity among Black people in primary care in Porto Alegre, Brazil, 2020-2022: a cross-sectional study

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Emerson Silveira de Brito  1 , Marsam Alves de Teixeira  2 , Rafael Steffens Martins  3 , Ben Hur Graboski Pinheiro  1 , Ana Carolina Monteiro da Rocha  1   3 , Cáren Nunes de Oliveira  3 , Thayane Fraga de Paula  4 , Thayane Martins Dornelles  1
Affiliations

HIV prevalence and factors associated with HIV positivity among Black people in primary care in Porto Alegre, Brazil, 2020-2022: a cross-sectional study

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Emerson Silveira de Brito et al. Epidemiol Serv Saude. .

Abstract
in English, Spanish

Objective: To examine HIV prevalence among primary care service users and to investigate factors associated with positive HIV test results among Black people.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with data from rapid HIV testing performed in health centers in Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil. Sociodemographic differences according to race/skin color and HIV test result were analyzed using the Chi-square test and Poisson regression with robust variance.

Results: Out of 92,345 people tested, 38% were Black, with 3.4% HIV prevalence. Among Black people the following were associated with higher HIV prevalence ratios (PR): being male (PR 1.62; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.41; 1.85), having elementary education (PR 1.69; 95%CI 1.27; 2.24), having tuberculosis (PR 1.76; 95%CI 1.22; 2.54) and being a street dweller (PR 1.75; 95%CI 1.41; 2.18).

Conclusion: Black people, especially Black men with lower education levels, tuberculosis and street dwellers, have higher HIV prevalence, requiring greater attention from prevention strategies and testing for sexually transmitted infections.

Objetivo: Verificar la prevalencia del VIH en usuarios de atención primaria e investigar los factores asociados con la prueba positiva del VIH en personas de raza negra.

Métodos: Estudio transversal con datos de pruebas rápidas de VIH en unidades de salud de Porto Alegre. Las diferencias sociodemográficas según raza/color de piel y resultado de la prueba de VIH se analizaron mediante la prueba de Chi-cuadrado y regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta.

Resultados: Entre 92.345 personas analizadas, el 38% eran negros, con una prevalencia del VIH del 3,4%. Entre la población negra, se asoció con una mayor razón de prevalencia (RP) de VIH: ser hombre (RP 1,62; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%] 1,41; 1,85), tener educación primaria (RP 1,69; IC95% 1,27; 2,24), tener tuberculosis (RP 1,76; IC95% 1,22; 2,54) y ser habitante de la calle (RP). 1,75; IC 95%: 1,41; 2.18).

Conclusión: La población negra, especialmente los hombres negros con menor educación, tuberculosis y habitantes de la calle, tienen una mayor prevalencia de VIH, lo que requiere mayor atención a las estrategias de prevención y pruebas de infecciones de transmisión sexual.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: None to declare.

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