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Review
. 2025 May-Jun;91(3):101594.
doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2025.101594. Epub 2025 May 13.

Otoneurological evaluation: definitions and scientific evidence of bedside assessment and complementary exams. Outcomes of the II Brazilian Forum of Otoneurology

Márcio Cavalcante Salmito  1 , Ligia Oliveira Gonçalves Morganti  2 , Alessandra Ramos Venosa  3 , Fernando Freitas Ganança  4 , Maurício Malavasi Ganança  4 , Raquel Mezzalira  5 , Roseli Saraiva Moreira Bittar  6 , Bernardo Faria Ramos  7 , Claudia Marques Dias  8 , Danilo Martin Real  6 , Denise Utsch Gonçalves  2 , Francisco Carlos Zuma E Maia  9 , Karen de Carvalho Lopes  4 , Mônica Alcantara de Oliveira Santos  10 , Paula Lobo Furtado Machado  11 , Rafael Saba Albertino  12 , Renato Valerio Rodrigues Cal  13 , Ricardo Schaffeln Dorigueto  14 , Rodrigo Cesar Silva  4 , Rogério Castro Borges de Carvalho  15 , Sérgio Albertino  16
Affiliations
Review

Otoneurological evaluation: definitions and scientific evidence of bedside assessment and complementary exams. Outcomes of the II Brazilian Forum of Otoneurology

Márcio Cavalcante Salmito et al. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2025 May-Jun.

Abstract

Objective: To gather the technical definitions, diagnostic accuracy and scientific evidence of otoneurological exams in a succinct, easily accessible document, so that decision-making is as effective as possible.

Method: This paper was the results of the II Forum of Otoneurology, held on May 27, 2018, in Sao Paulo, during the III Combined Meeting + Four Otology, as part of the Otoneurology Forums project, undertaken by the Department of Otoneurology of the Brazilian Association of Otorhinolaryngology (ABORL-CCF) since 2017. Each paper gathered here was a literature review written by specialists from all over Brazil, based on the latest practices and scientific evidence related to diagnostic tests in Otoneurology. Each author presented their paper and a debate about it took place among the participants, generating an accepted-by-all interpretation paper after each presentation. Subsequently, the papers were reviewed by representatives of the country's Otoneurology training department for final adjustments and standardization. For each paper presented, ABORL-CCF prepared a recommendation, taking into account existing scientific evidence and the best practices, according to the experts' opinion. Using the full paper, that was published on the website of the Brazilian Association of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, this summarized version was written as a scientific review article.

Outcome: The paper is presented as a practical, objective and complete guide on the main tests used to evaluate patients with otoneurological complaints, from bedside physical examinations to the most modern complementary tests done with sophisticated equipment.

Conclusion: With this scientific review, the authors hope to aid the organization of the professional's behavior, from the bedside assessment to the choice of assessment methods, including requisitions, accomplishments, and understanding tests and diagnostic procedures.

Keywords: Dizziness; Otoneurology; Vestibular function tests.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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