Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2025 May;116(3):e70027.
doi: 10.1002/bip.70027.

A Mechanistic Understanding of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Responsive Bio-Polymeric Nanoparticles: Current State, Challenges and Future Toward Precision Therapeutics

Vivek Pandey  1 , Tejasvi Pandey  2
Affiliations
Review

A Mechanistic Understanding of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Responsive Bio-Polymeric Nanoparticles: Current State, Challenges and Future Toward Precision Therapeutics

Vivek Pandey et al. Biopolymers. 2025 May.

Abstract

Inflammation is a hallmark of various pathological conditions, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are crucial mediators in the inflammatory microenvironment, playing a pivotal role in both normal cellular processes and disease progression. Targeting ROS overproduction in inflamed tissues has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) responsive to ROS levels in pathological tissues have gained substantial attention as precision drug delivery systems, capable of ensuring controlled, site-specific drug release. This review provides a comprehensive mechanistic insight into ROS-responsive polymeric nanoparticles, examining their structural design, functionalization strategies, drug release mechanisms, and potential for targeted therapies in inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, we discuss recent advancements, challenges, and future directions in utilizing ROS-responsive polymeric nanoparticles for precision therapeutics, highlighting their transformative potential in clinical applications.

Keywords: drug delivery systems and precision therapeutics; inflammatory microenvironment; polymeric nanoparticles; reactive oxygen species (ROS).

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. M. Ahn, V. C. Chen, P. Rozario, et al., “Bat ASC2 Suppresses Inflammasomes and Ameliorates Inflammatory Diseases,” Cell 186, no. 10 (2023): 2144–2159.
    1. J. Liu, X. Han, T. Zhang, K. Tian, Z. Li, and F. Luo, “Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Scavenging Biomaterials for Anti‐Inflammatory Diseases: From Mechanism to Therapy,” Journal of Hematology & Oncology 16, no. 1 (2023): 116.
    1. H. D. Buzoglu, A. Burus, Y. Bayazıt, and M. Goldberg, “Stem Cell and Oxidative Stress‐Inflammation Cycle,” Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy 18, no. 5 (2023): 641–652.
    1. I. Z. Sadiq, “Free Radicals and Oxidative Stress: Signaling Mechanisms, Redox Basis for Human Diseases, and Cell Cycle Regulation,” Current Molecular Medicine 23, no. 1 (2023): 13–35.
    1. T. Chi, T. Sang, Y. Wang, and Z. Ye, “Cleavage and Noncleavage Chemistry in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)‐Responsive Materials for Smart Drug Delivery,” Bioconjugate Chemistry 35, no. 1 (2023): 1–21.

LinkOut - more resources