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. 2025 Apr 30:12:1542953.
doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1542953. eCollection 2025.

Oxymatrine for inflammatory bowel disease in preclinical studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Xuan Zhao  1 , Xiaolu Ye  1 , Yuting Gu  1 , Yijie Lou  1 , Zhanyi Zhou  1 , Yunxi Ji  1   2 , Daogun Xu  3
Affiliations

Oxymatrine for inflammatory bowel disease in preclinical studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Xuan Zhao et al. Front Med (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Background: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic, idiopathic inflammatory disorder of the intestines. Oxymatrine (OMT) is a naturally active substance found in the desiccated roots of Sophora flavescens. It possesses anti-tumor, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties. In recent years, its therapeutic role in IBD has gradually been discovered. This review aims to explore the impact of OMT on inflammatory bowel disease by animal models.

Methods: Conduct a systematic search in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Medline databases. Using SYRCLE's risk of bias tool to assess the bias risk and quality of the included studies. For some data presented as figures, Web Plot Digitizer 4.2 software was used to extract it. STATA 16.0 was selected for the final meta-analysis.

Results: After rigorous literature screening, 12 studies were included. The data analysis results indicated that the disease activity index (DAI), histopathological score (HS), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the IBD animal models significantly decreased following intervention with oxymatrine. Furthermore, OMT also extended the colon length in the animal models and improved the expression level of zonula occludens-1(ZO-1) and occludin. These results suggested that OMT may improve the condition of IBD through anti-inflammatory, antioxidative stress and protecting the intestinal barrier.

Conclusion: Meta-analysis suggests oxymatrine positively affects IBD animal models. This provides new insights for the clinical treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024570580, identifier [CRD42024570580].

Keywords: inflammation; inflammatory bowel disease; meta-analysis; oxidative stress; oxymatrine.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of the study selection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plots summarize the effect of OMT on DAI in animal models of IBD.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plots summarize the effect of OMT on HS in animal models of IBD.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest plots summarize the effect of OMT on colon length in animal models of IBD.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Funnel plot.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Trimmed and filled funnel plot.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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