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. 2025 May 11;10(6):453-458.
doi: 10.1080/23802359.2025.2503410. eCollection 2025.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Urocitellus undulatus and its phylogenetic analysis

Zimeng Liu  1 , Lei Chen  2 , Yuran Pang  1 , Xing Yang  3 , Fengyan Zhang  1 , Tangxin Liu  1 , Xinhui Zhang  1 , Yayun He  1 , Xu He  1 , Jiaxin Wang  1 , Qingsong Sun  1
Affiliations

The complete mitochondrial genome of Urocitellus undulatus and its phylogenetic analysis

Zimeng Liu et al. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour. .

Abstract

The long-tailed ground squirrel (Urocitellus undulatus) is primarily distributed in various regions, including Xinjiang and Heilongjiang in China, as well as in Siberia, Mongolia, the Russian Federation, and Kazakhstan. In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genomes of U. undulatus. The genome consists of 16,456 base pairs, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and a control region. The phylogenetic relationship indicates a closer evolutionary relationship between U. undulatus and U. richardsonii. These findings provide a foundation for the taxonomic identification, phylogenetic evolution, and mitochondrial genome research of U. undulatus.

Keywords: Mitochondrial genome; Sciuridae; Urocitellus undulatus; phylogeny.

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Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Figures

None
Graphical abstract
Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Species reference image of Urocitellus undulatus collected from Qinghe County, photographed by Qingsong Sun.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
The mitochondrial genome map of U. undulatus.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Phylogenetic relationships of the Sciuridae family inferred using BI and ML analyses based on 13 PCGs of mitogenomes. The following sequences were used: Cynomys gunnisoni gunnisoni (Streich et al. 2019), Cynomys leucurus and Cynomys ludovicianus (Li et al. 2016), Ictidomys tridecemlineatus (Zhang et al. 2016b), Urocitellus undulatus (this study), Urocitellus richardsonii and Callospermophilus lateralis (Zhang et al. 2016a), Spermophilus alashanicus (Zhao et al. 2024), Spermophilus xanthoprymnus (Unpublished), Spermophilus citellus (Krystufek et al. 2009), Spermophilus taurensis (Matrosova et al. 2023), Marmota flaviventris (Unpublished), Marmota vancouverensis (Hao and Cao 2019), Marmota baibacina (Unpublished), Marmota himalayana (Li et al. 2019b), Marmota sibiri (Unpublished), Tamias sibiricus (Yoon et al. 2015), Tamiops swinhoei (Xu et al. 2016), Myoxus glis (Xu et al. 2016), Castor canadensis and Castor fiber (Horn et al. 2011).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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