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Review
. 2025 May 2:16:1559937.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1559937. eCollection 2025.

Case Report: Guillain-Barré syndrome with three episodes and literature review

Ying Wang  1 , Chunmei Zhao  2 , Rong Chen  3 , Zeli Ma  1 , Nan Tian  1 , Xuan Li  1 , Xianrui Xu  4 , Qiang Liu  4 , Yajun Li  1 , Fenkui She  1 , Fenglin Mu  1 , Qing Zhang  4
Affiliations
Review

Case Report: Guillain-Barré syndrome with three episodes and literature review

Ying Wang et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune-mediated peripheral neuropathy that is usually monophasic, but recurrence occurs in 2%-5% of cases, termed recurrent Guillain-Barré syndrome (RGBS). We report the case of a 49-year-old male patient who experienced three episodes of bilateral lower extremity numbness and weakness, each progressing to its nadir within 4 weeks. The first episode was additionally characterized by bilateral upper extremity weakness and dyspnea, while the first two episodes were accompanied by numbness in the fingertips of both hands. Electromyography (EMG) revealed severe axonal damage with concomitant demyelination. Anti-sulfatide IgG antibodies were detected during the third episode. After excluding other demyelinating disorders, a definitive diagnosis of GBS was established, and the symptoms were nearly completely resolved following treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).

Keywords: Guillain-Barré syndrome; autoimmune diseases; case report; peripheral neuropathy; recurrent Guillain-Barré syndrome.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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