The Pre-Analytical Aspects of Blood Gas Analysis Point-Of-Care-Testing (POCT) and Their Impact on Clinical Decision-Making

Abstract

Background: Laboratory errors can occur during any phase of the total testing process (TTP); however, pre-analytical errors are the most common. Point-of-care testing (POCT) blood gas analysis aids in the reduction of pre-analytical mistakes such as specimen misidentification, analyte degradation, and sample hemolysis caused by analysis delays and vigorous sample handling. Hence, users' understanding of common pre-analytical factors con-founding the results is prudent.

Methods: POCT blood gas has been proven to help allow rapid early diagnosis and triage, better control of mechanical ventilation, safer and reduction in risk of disease transmission, measurements of concurrent electrolytes and acid-base parameters at the bedside, diagnosis of methemoglobinemia and carboxyhemoglobinemia, as well as prompt pre-hospitalized care in remote home care or emergency response settings. However, quality limitations are still a concerning issue.

Results: Thus, the successful implementation of policy and clinical applicability of blood gas POCT is the responsibility of primary healthcare givers, laboratory professionals, and administrators.

Conclusions: Our review highlights the importance of understanding pre-analytical factors affecting parameters in blood gas analysis, their impact on clinical decision-making, and various POCT blood gas analysis applications.