Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2025 May 19;162(1):82.
doi: 10.1186/s41065-025-00451-2.

Efficacy of red ointment in wound cavity repair following non-puerperal mastitis debridement

Jiamei Feng #  1 , Zheng Chen #  2 , Jiaye Sun  1 , Shijun Shao  1 , Lu Xie  1 , Wenchao Qu  1 , Qingqian Gao  1 , Xueqing Wu  3 , Hua Wan  4
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Efficacy of red ointment in wound cavity repair following non-puerperal mastitis debridement

Jiamei Feng et al. Hereditas. .

Abstract

Background: The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of red ointment, a widely used topical agent in traditional Chinese medicine, in promoting wound cavity repair following debridement for non-puerperal mastitis (NPM).

Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted, including 88 patients diagnosed with NPM. Patients were randomly assigned to either the treatment group or the control group. All patients underwent debridement during the acute inflammatory phase. Postoperatively, the treatment group received daily dressing changes using sterile gauze strips infused with red ointment, whereas the control group received sterile gauze strips soaked in rivanol. The effectiveness of treatment was assessed after two weeks by evaluating the total effective rate, wound cavity score, symptom and sign score, laboratory parameters, and adverse events.

Results: In the intention to treat analysis, the total effective rate was 90.9% in the red ointment group, which was higher than the 86.4% observed in the rivanol group. In the per protocol analysis, the total effective rate was 97.6% in the red ointment group, exceeding the 92.7% in the rivanol group. Compared with rivanol-treated gauze strips, the use of red ointment gauze strips resulted in a significantly greater reduction in wound cavity volume (p < 0.05), improved local breast symptoms (p < 0.05), and a lower wound cavity score (p < 0.001). Granulation tissue in the red ointment group exhibited a significantly fresher color compared to the rivanol group (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the two groups regarding adverse effects on hepatic and renal function following treatment.

Conclusion: The use of red ointment gauze strips for wound cavity filling following NPM debridement demonstrated favorable clinical efficacy and safety, providing a viable option for postoperative drainage management.

Keywords: Efficacy; Non-puerperal mastitis; Red ointment; Wound cavity repair.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (as was revised in 2013). The study was approved by Ethics Committee of the Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Tradition Chinese Medicine (Approval number: 2021-956-31-03). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Consent to publish: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Similar articles

See all similar articles

References

    1. Zhou Y, Gong J, Deng X, Shen L, Liu L. Novel insights: crosstalk with non-puerperal mastitis and immunity. Front Immunol. 2024;15:1431681. 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1431681. Published 2024 Aug 1. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Shi L, Wu J, Hu Y et al. Biomedical Indicators of Patients with Non-Puerperal Mastitis: A Retrospective Study. Nutrients. 2022;14(22):4816. Published 2022 Nov 14. 10.3390/nu14224816 - PMC - PubMed
    1. Wang Z, Hua L, Liu X, Chen X, Xue G. A hematological parameter-based model for distinguishing non-puerperal mastitis from invasive ductal carcinoma. Front Oncol. 2023;13:1295656. 10.3389/fonc.2023.1295656. Published 2023 Dec 13. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Tang H, Wu X, Feng J, et al. Adolescent Non-Puerperal mastitis: risk factors, clinical characteristics, and prognosis analysis. J Inflamm Res. 2024;17:487–95. 10.2147/JIR.S447181. Published 2024 Jan 24. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Zhou F, Li H, Wang F, et al. Efficacy and safety of rifampicin-based triple therapy for non-puerperal mastitis: A single-arm, open-label, prospective clinical trial. Int J Infect Dis. 2024;140:25–30. 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.12.008. - PubMed

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources