Postpartum Ovarian Vein Thrombosis: A Case Report of Diagnosis and Conservative Management

Abstract

Ovarian vein thrombosis (OVT) is a rare form of venous thromboembolism that most commonly affects postpartum women. It typically presents with abdominal pain and fever, and is often diagnosed through imaging techniques such as Doppler ultrasound. However, in cases of postpartum abdominal pain with or without fever, in addition to ultrasound examination, pelvic CT or MRI should be considered to rule out the possibility of pelvic thrombosis, especially when ultrasound results are inconclusive. This case report discusses a 29-year-old woman who developed right OVT 3 days postpartum, despite initial negative ultrasounds. The diagnosis was confirmed through subsequent imaging, which revealed a dilated ovarian vein with thrombus extending into the inferior vena cava. The patient was successfully treated with low-molecular-weight heparin for anticoagulation and antibiotics. Early diagnosis and treatment significantly improved the clinical outcome, emphasizing the importance of timely management to prevent complications. OVT should be considered in the differential diagnosis of postpartum women with abdominal pain and/or fever.

Keywords: Doppler ultrasound; anticoagulation therapy (ACT); clinical diagnosis; ovarian vein thrombosis (OVT); postpartum.