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Editorial
. 2025 Apr-Jun;47(2):e20240277.
doi: 10.1590/2175-8239-JBN-2024-0277en.

Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic Syndrome: a current and urgent concept

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Andrea Pio de Abreu  1 , Luciano Ferreira Drager  1   2 , Madson Queiroz Almeida  3 , Luiz Aparecido Bortolotto  2 , Heno Ferreira Lopes  2
Affiliations
Editorial

Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic Syndrome: a current and urgent concept

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Andrea Pio de Abreu et al. J Bras Nefrol. 2025 Apr-Jun.

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

The concept of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health is based on the idea of a multifaceted interaction among several cardiovascular, renal, and meta-bolic factors. Alterations in this complex interaction have a significant impact on morbidity and mortality. The ramifications of poor cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health are far-reaching, with a notable clinical impact. A considerable proportion of the population is affected by precarious cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic health, and indivi-duals with adverse social determinants of health endure an even greater burden. To this end, it is essential to develop an approach that incorporates metabolic staging and prioritizes lifelong prevention. Equally imperative is integrating the social determinants of health into care models for Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome, facilitating patient-centered interdisciplinary care. The American Heart Association (AHA) provides guidelines on the definition, staging, paradigms, and holistic approaches to the management of patients with this syndrome. Furthermore, it offers a comprehensive framework for effectively and equitably improving the cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic health of the population.

Resumo: O conceito de saúde cardiovascular-renal-metabólica baseia-se na noção de uma interação multifacetada entre diversos fatores cardiovasculares, renais e metabólicos. Alterações nesta interação complexa exercem um impacto significativo na morbidade e na mortalidade. As ramificações de uma saúde cardiovascular, renal e metabólica deficientes são de grande alcance, com um impacto clínico notável. Uma proporção considerável da população é afetada por uma saúde cardiovascular, renal e metabólica precárias, e as pessoas com determinantes sociais de saúde adversos suportam um ônus ainda maior. Para isso, é essencial desenvolver uma abordagem que incorpore o estadiamento metabólico e priorize a prevenção ao longo da vida. É igualmente imperativo integrar os determinantes sociais da saúde aos modelos de atendimento à síndrome cardiovascular-renal-metabólica, facilitando os cuidados interdisciplinares centrados no paciente. A American Heart Association (AHA) oferece diretrizes sobre a definição, o estadiamento, os paradigmas e as abordagens holísticas para o manejo de pacientes com tal síndrome. Além disso, oferece uma visão abrangente para melhorar de forma eficaz e equitativa a saúde cardiovascular, renal e metabólica da população.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest related to the manuscript.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. (A) Different stages of Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome (CKM) and main characteristics of each stage; (B) Vicious circle of CKM Syndrome. (C) Summary management for prevention at each stage of CKM Syndrome.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Variables included in the PREVENT risk calculator.
Figura 1
Figura 1. (A) Diferentes estágios da Síndrome Cardiovascular-Renal-Metabólica (SCRM) e características principais de cada estágio; (B) Círculo vicioso da SCRM. (C) Manejo resumido para prevenção em cada estágio da SCRM.
Figura 2
Figura 2. Variáveis compreendidas na calculadora de risco PREVENT.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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