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. 2025 May 21;25(1):744.
doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06160-6.

Influence of local denture-related factors on the inflammatory marker levels in patients with denture stomatitis

Marija Bradić-Vasić  1 , Ana Pejčić  2 , Milena Kostić  3 , Radmila Obradović  4 , Ivan Minić  5 , Ivana Stanković  3 , Katarina Živadinović  1 , Jelena Bašić  6 , Aleksandra Ignjatović  7
Affiliations

Influence of local denture-related factors on the inflammatory marker levels in patients with denture stomatitis

Marija Bradić-Vasić et al. BMC Oral Health. .

Abstract

Objectives: Many denture-related factors have been identified as risk factors for DS, including trauma, nighttime denture wearing, insufficient oral and denture hygiene. The aim of this research was to examine the effects of local denture factors in the oral mucosa and saliva content that occurred after the DS onset.

Materials and methods: The study sample comprised 150 adult partial or total denture wearers, 100 of whom were diagnosed with DS, and the remaining 50 had a healthy mucous membrane despite having prosthetic restorations and served as controls. Participants' saliva was tested for the presence of salivary cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, and MMP-9) as indicators of inflammation and damage to the oral mucosa.

Results: The obtained findings confirmed that local denture-related factors have a major influence on the DS occurrence. Moreover, levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and MMP-9 inflammatory biomarkers were statistically significantly increased in the DS group.

Conclusion: A significant DS frequency was noted in denture-wearing patients in whom a large number of local denture factors was present. As inflammation is more prevalent among denture wearers than in general population, regular examinations are advised to facilitate an early diagnosis and implement adequate therapy, with a focus on inflammation and DS prevention.

Clinical relevance: (1) a greater number of exclusively denture factors can damage the oral mucosa; (2) development of inflammation as a basis for denture stomatitis; (3) increase in the concentration of salivary biomarkers of inflammation; (4) indicates the need for further research regarding the key contributors to the development of DS.

Clinical trial number: Not applicable.'

Keywords: Denture stomatitis; Inflammation; Local denture-related factors; Salivary biomarkers.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki were respected, given that the study is retrospective and that patient saliva samples were used, which were taken after verbally informing the patients about the research and their verbal and signed informed consent. The research protocol was both performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Clinic for Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nis (decision No. 20/11-2017-6EO, dated 31.10. 2019). A written consent form, containing a detailed study description and a sociodemographic questionnaire, was signed by the participants and the researchers by hand. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Gender distribution of the study groups
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Nighttime denture wearing per study group
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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