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. 2025 Apr 21;17(4):e82691.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.82691. eCollection 2025 Apr.

Role of Cholecystectomy on Serum Lipid Profile in Patients With Gallstone Disease at Tertiary Care

Ganugapanta Prem Sai Reddy  1 , V Ramalakshmi  1 , Alexander Mecheri Antony  1 , T Raghupathy  1 , Ganesh Guru  1
Affiliations

Role of Cholecystectomy on Serum Lipid Profile in Patients With Gallstone Disease at Tertiary Care

Ganugapanta Prem Sai Reddy et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome is a known risk factor for gallstone formation. Elevated cholesterol concentration in the bile contributes to the formation of cholesterol stones. Following cholecystectomy, lipid profile abnormalities tend to normalize.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate serum lipid profile parameters before and after cholecystectomy and to assess their relationship with the type of gallstones.

Materials and methods: The present study was a prospective observational study conducted in the Department of General Surgery at Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, between August 2023 and September 2024. Ethical clearance was obtained from the institutional ethics committee. The study included patients diagnosed with with gallstones who consulted the Department of General Surgery and underwent either open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Paired samples t-tests were used to compare lipid profile values before and after cholecystectomy.

Results: Among the participants, 49 (57.6%) were aged 41-60 years, and 22 (25.9%) were aged 18-40 years. Sixty-two (72.9%) were female patients, and 59 (69.4%) resided in urban areas. All lipid profile parameters decreased significantly following cholecystectomy, except for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, which showed a significant increase. The mean serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were lower in patients with pigment stones compared to those with other types of stones.

Conclusion: Cholecystectomy in patients with gallstones was found to normalize deranged lipid profiles. Significant reductions were observed in total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, and very LDL (VLDL) levels following the intervention. HDL levels were also increased significantly following cholecystectomy.

Keywords: cholecystectomy; cholesterol; cholesterol stones; gallstones; hdl; pigment stones; serum lipid profile.

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Conflict of interest statement

Human subjects: Consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. The Institutional Human Ethics Committee of Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital issued approval Ref. No. 002/SBMCH/IHEC/2023/1905. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

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