Identifying Solutions for the Workforce Challenges Facing Community Mental Health Support Workers: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

Addressing workforce issues such as recruitment, retention, and skill development is essential for ensuring that community psychosocial and mental health programs can meet growing demand and provide high-quality care. This paper examines current efforts to tackle these challenges and explores additional measures required. This qualitative study, framed within a naturalistic paradigm, employed semi-structured interviews with mental health support staff across Australia. Interviews, lasting approximately 37 min (range, 23-55 min), were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using a combination of inductive and deductive thematic analysis, whereby participants' verbatim codes were initially mapped across the three workforce issues: recruitment, retention, and skill development. Solutions for each issue were then analysed inductively, with subthemes emerging from common concepts. Themes and subthemes were discussed among the authors until consensus was reached. Sixteen staff members were interviewed, most of whom were female (n = 9, 56%) and held management roles (n = 10, 62%), while the rest were in client-facing positions (n = 6, 38%). To improve staff recruitment, subthemes included revising recruitment processes and standards, dispelling misconceptions and promoting the field and leveraging existing networks and resources. Staff retention subthemes included offering competitive salary packages and incentives, fostering a positive work culture with engaged leadership and encouraging supportive and effective practices. Lastly, upskilling staff subthemes included engaging in regular or mandatory training and supervision, encouraging resource sharing and networking and supporting and granting opportunities to upskill. The findings offer insights and recommendations for policymakers, administrators, and practitioners to strengthen the community mental health workforce.

Keywords: Mental health; Psychosocial; Recruitment; Retention; Skill; Workforce.