Immune impacts of infant whole-cell and acellular pertussis vaccination on co-administered vaccines

Gladymar Pérez Chacón¹, Sonia McAlister², James Totterdell³, Marie J Estcourt³, Julie A Marsh⁴, Mark Jones³, Kirsten P Perrett⁵, Dianne E Campbell⁶, Nicholas Wood⁷, Michael Gold⁸, Claire S Waddington⁹, Michael O'Sullivan¹⁰, Nigel Curtis¹¹, Ushma Wadia⁴, Peter B McIntyre¹², Patrick G Holt¹³, Tom Snelling¹⁴, Peter C Richmond¹⁵

Affiliations

¹ Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
² Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Division of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
³ Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
⁴ Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Centre for Child Health Research, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
⁵ Population Allergy, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
⁶ Department of Allergy and Immunology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
⁷ Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
⁸ Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
⁹ Liverpool School Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
¹⁰ Division of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Immunology, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
¹¹ Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Infectious Diseases Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
¹² Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
¹³ Wal-yan Respiratory Research Centre, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
¹⁴ Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
¹⁵ Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Division of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address: peter.richmond@uwa.edu.au.

PMID: 40414565
DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106515

Free article

Randomized Controlled Trial

Immune impacts of infant whole-cell and acellular pertussis vaccination on co-administered vaccines

Gladymar Pérez Chacón et al. J Infect. 2025 Jul.

Free article

. 2025 Jul;91(1):106515.

doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106515. Epub 2025 May 23.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
² Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Division of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
³ Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
⁴ Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Centre for Child Health Research, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
⁵ Population Allergy, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
⁶ Department of Allergy and Immunology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
⁷ Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
⁸ Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
⁹ Liverpool School Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
¹⁰ Division of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Immunology, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
¹¹ Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Infectious Diseases Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
¹² Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
¹³ Wal-yan Respiratory Research Centre, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
¹⁴ Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
¹⁵ Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Division of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address: peter.richmond@uwa.edu.au.

PMID: 40414565
DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106515

Abstract

Objectives: We compared the effect of a heterologous wP/aP/aP primary series (hereafter mixed wP/aP) versus a homologous aP/aP/aP primary schedule (hereafter aP-only) on antibody responses to co-administered vaccine antigens in infants and toddlers.

Methods: We randomised Australian infants in a 1:1 ratio to receive either a mixed wP/aP schedule (pentavalent diphtheria-tetanus-wP-hepatitis B-Haemophilus influenzae type b; DTwP-HepB-Hib vaccine at 6 weeks old, followed by hexavalent DTaP-inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV)-HepB-Hib vaccine at 4 and 6 months old) or aP-only priming doses of hexavalent DTaP-IPV-HepB-Hib vaccine at the same ages. All infants received 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (13vPCV) at 6 weeks, 4 and 12 months of age and DTaP-IPV and Hib vaccine boosters at 18 months. We assessed whether the wP/aP schedule is non-inferior to the aP-only schedule for co-administered vaccine antigens (geometric mean ratio [GMR] >2/3).

Registration: ACTRN12617000065392p.

Results: Between March 2018 and January 2020, 150 infants were randomised (75 per arm). Responses to all 13vPCV serotypes and Hib-PRP at 6, 7, 18, and 19 months old, as well as HBsAg at 6 and 7 months old, were non-inferior (>90% probability).

Conclusion: A mixed wP/aP schedule resulted in non-inferior IgG responses to co-administered vaccine antigens compared to the standard aP-only schedule for pertussis primary immunisation.

Keywords: Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine/immunology; Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines; Haemophilus Vaccines; Hepatitis B Vaccines; Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; Vaccines, Combined; Vaccines, Conjugate/immunology.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: DEC reports personal fees from NSW Health (salary); personal fees from DBV technologies (employment and shares); personal fees from Westmead Fertility Centre (honorarium) and grants from the Australian NHMRC and FARE (Food Allergy Research and Education) outside the submitted work during the conduct of the study. PCR has received investigator-initiated research grants to his institution from MSD and Sanofi outside the submitted work and has received institutional funding from GlaxoSmithKline and Sanofi for local and international lectures and from AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, MSD, Sanofi, and Pfizer for participation in vaccine scientific advisory boards unrelated to this work. KPP has received research grants from NIAID, Aravax, DBV Technologies, Novartis, and Siolta paid to their institution, outside the submitted work. KPP has received consultant fees from Aravax and Novartis paid to their institution, outside the submitted work. KPP is the chair of the Scientific Advisory Board for AllergyPal (MCRI founded digital app). KPP is a Director on the Board of Omnisova Pty Ltd. All other authors declare no competing interests.

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Immune impacts of infant whole-cell and acellular pertussis vaccination on co-administered vaccines

Affiliations

Immune impacts of infant whole-cell and acellular pertussis vaccination on co-administered vaccines

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Medical

Research Materials