Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2025 May 9:16:1440721.
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1440721. eCollection 2025.

Utilizing ECG data in educational psychology research: insights and limitations

Affiliations

Utilizing ECG data in educational psychology research: insights and limitations

Sigrid Hackl-Wimmer et al. Front Psychol. .
No abstract available

Keywords: ECG; educational psychology research; learning processes; motivation; objective/subjective data; psychophysiological data.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

References

    1. Ax A. F. (1964). Goals and methods of psychophysiology. Psychophysiology 1, 8–25. 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1964.tb02616.x - DOI - PubMed
    1. Benarroch E. E. (1993). The central autonomic nervous network: functional organization, dysfunction, and perspective. Mayo Clin. Proc. 68, 988–1001. 10.1016/S0025-6196(12)62272-1 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Berntson G. G., Bigger J. T., Jr., Eckberg D. L., Grossman P., Kaufmann P. G., Malik M., et al. . (1997). Heart rate variability: origins, methods, and interpretive caveats. Psychophysiology 34, 623–648. 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1997.tb02140.x - DOI - PubMed
    1. Bonnemeier H., Richardt G., Potratz J., Wiegand U. K., Brandes A., Kluge N., et al. . (2003). Circadian profile of cardiac autonomic nervous modulation in healthy subjects: differing effects of aging and gender on heart rate variability. J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol. 14, 791–799. 10.1046/j.1540-8167.2003.03078.x - DOI - PubMed
    1. Carroll D., Phillips A. C., Lovallo W. R. (2012). “The behavioral and health corollaries of blunted physiological reactions to acute psychological stress: Revising the reactivity hypothesis,” in How motivation affects cardiovascular response: Mechanisms and applications, eds. R. A. Wright and G. H. E. Gendolla (New York: American Psychological Association; ), 243–263. 10.1037/13090-012 - DOI

LinkOut - more resources