The Relationship Between Malaria and Pain: A Mini-Review

Abstract

Malaria is a major global health burden, yet its associated pain manifestations-headache, myalgia, abdominal pain, back pain, and joint pain-are often overlooked and poorly understood. In this narrative review, the prevalence, clinical presentation, mechanisms, and management of malaria-related pain are explored. Pain may arise from inflammatory responses triggered by cytokine release, endothelial dysfunction, ischemia due to microvascular obstruction, and, in severe cases such as cerebral malaria, neuroinflammation. Despite its clinical significance, pain management in malaria remains suboptimal, with limited research guiding treatment. Analgesics, such as acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, may provide relief but could influence disease progression. Addressing malaria-associated pain is crucial for improving patient outcomes, particularly in endemic regions where pain assessment is often inadequate. A better understanding of its' underlying mechanisms is essential for developing evidence-based treatment strategies and improving clinical care.