Targeting Metabolic Reprogramming in Bladder Cancer Immunotherapy: A Precision Medicine Approach
- PMID: 40426972
- PMCID: PMC12108893
- DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines13051145
Targeting Metabolic Reprogramming in Bladder Cancer Immunotherapy: A Precision Medicine Approach
Abstract
Bladder cancer, as a highly heterogeneous malignant tumor of the urinary system, is significantly affected by tumor metabolic reprogramming in its response to immunotherapy. This review systematically elaborates on the molecular mechanisms of abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism in the bladder cancer microenvironment and immune escape, and discusses precision treatment strategies based on metabolic regulation. In the future, it will be necessary to combine spatiotemporal omics and artificial intelligence technologies to construct a multi-target intervention system for the metabolic-immune interaction network, promoting a paradigm shift in precision treatment for bladder cancer.
Keywords: bladder cancer; immunotherapy; metabolic reprogramming; tumor microenvironment.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Figures




References
-
- Smani S., DuBois J., Zhao K., Sutherland R., Rahman S.N., Humphrey P., Hesse D., Tan W.S., Martin D., Lokeshwar S.D., et al. Advancements in the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Risk Stratification of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer. Curr. Oncol. Rep. 2025;27:236–246. doi: 10.1007/s11912-025-01645-7. - DOI - PubMed
-
- Netto G.J., Amin M.B., Berney D.M., Compérat E.M., Gill A.J., Hartmann A., Menon S., Raspollini M.R., Rubin M.A., Srigley J.R., et al. The 2022 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs-Part B: Prostate and Urinary Tract Tumors. Eur. Urol. 2022;82:469–482. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2022.07.002. - DOI - PubMed
Publication types
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources