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Review
. 2025 May 19;14(10):3554.
doi: 10.3390/jcm14103554.

Renal Denervation After USA FDA Approval: An Update from an Interventional Cardiologist's Perspective

Jiandong Zhang  1 , Peter M Belford  1 , George A Stouffer  2   3
Affiliations
Review

Renal Denervation After USA FDA Approval: An Update from an Interventional Cardiologist's Perspective

Jiandong Zhang et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

In late 2023, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved two renal denervation (RDN) systems for the treatment of hypertension. Several professional societies, including the Society of Cardiovascular Angiography and Intervention (SCAI), the American Heart Association (AHA), and numerous European associations, have recognized the potential role of RDN in managing hypertension. Despite widespread enthusiasm from clinicians, patients, and the industry, the American Medical Association's Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) panel rejected the introduction of new codes for renal denervation at its September 2024 meeting. This article analyzes the latest evidence from clinical trials and registries, reviews current challenges in clinical practice, and explores the role of contemporary hypertension treatment from the perspective of interventional cardiologists.

Keywords: hypertension; renal denervation; resistant hypertension; sympathetic nervous system.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Key Steps in Identifying Responders to RDN.
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