Case series on telefono-type injuries in Mediterranean migrants

Abstract

This case series discusses three instances of telefono-type physical violence collected during a Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) mission rescuing migrants crossing the Mediterranean from Libya. These cases demonstrate the various sequelae of ear-cuffing, including subjective hearing loss, tinnitus, ear pain, tympanic membrane rupture, and infection in this under-studied type of physical violence. The authors hope this case series further demonstrates the importance of awareness and recognition of subtle presentations of different types of torture.