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. 2025 May 28;20(5):e0316508.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0316508. eCollection 2025.

Analysis of the determinants for using health research evidence in health planning in Tanzania: a cross-sectional study

Pius Kagoma  1   2 , Richard Mongi  1 , Albino Kalolo  3   4
Affiliations

Analysis of the determinants for using health research evidence in health planning in Tanzania: a cross-sectional study

Pius Kagoma et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Introduction: The use of health research evidence is essential for informed decision-making and effective health planning. Despite its importance, there is limited understanding of the determinants for the use of such evidence in planning processes, particularly in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) like Tanzania. This study aims to investigate the proportion and determinants that affect the use of health research evidence in health planning in Tanzania.

Materials and methods: This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design. Data on health research evidence and the factors influencing its use were collected using a structured questionnaire from 422 healthcare workers involved in planning within 9 regions of Tanzania from October to December 2023. The association between categorical variables was assessed using a chi-square test, while regression analysis was conducted to identify determinants, both at a 95% confidence level.

Results: The study revealed that 270 (66.2%) of health planning team members strongly agreed that they use health research evidence during planning. Several key determinants were significantly associated with the level of research evidence utilization. These included limited dissemination of research findings (74.5%), inadequate human and non-human resources (70.0%), and insufficient knowledge and training in research (63.7%). A multivariate regression analysis confirmed significant associations between the determinants and the use of research evidence (p<0.05). Descriptive statistics revealed that over 70% of respondents identified the presence of research coordinators, partnerships with universities, availability of research budgets, and internet access as important factors in their research. Inferential analysis indicated that these factors were statistically significantly associated with the use of health research evidence. In addition, more than half of the participants stated motivational factors, such as the presence of continuous quality improvement initiatives, the availability of short- and long-term training programs, on-the-job training opportunities, and incentives like extra duty allowances, as contributors to the enhanced use of research evidence. Bottom of Form.

Conclusion: The study found that planning team members used health research evidence in planning, but several determinants, such as lack of dissemination, resource shortages, and inadequate training, persisted. Interventions should focus on improving dissemination, resources, and training. Future research should explore strategies for enhancing these interventions.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. The domains of the COM-B Model modified from Michie et al., 2011 [
10].
Fig 2
Fig 2. Multistage sampling technique for the selection of the study units.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Proportion of the use of health research evidence.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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