Structure, morphology, optical properties, and Judd-Ofelt analysis of YP(1- x)V x O4:Eu3+ materials synthesized by the combustion method

Abstract

YP_(1-x)V _x O₄:Eu³⁺ materials were synthesized via a simple combustion method. Material characterization illustrated the formation of spherical particles with a tetragonal crystal structure and a uniform size of 20 nm, although aggregation was observed. Fluorescence spectroscopy was then employed to explore the optical characteristics, revealing key insights into the luminescent behavior of the as-prepared materials. A detailed examination of the branching ratio of the ⁵D₀ → ⁷F₂ electronic transition relative to the ⁵D₀ → ⁷F₁ transition was performed, which is closely tied to the symmetry of the local environment of the Eu³⁺ activators. This investigation utilized Judd-Ofelt theory to calculate intensity and emission parameters. Additionally, the fluorescence lifetime of the material was measured under various V/P ratios, elucidating the relationship between these variables. Finally, the emission color and correlated color temperature (CCT) of the synthesized material were evaluated through the CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram, confirming its potential for use in optical applications based on its tunable emission characteristics.

Fig. 1. XRD patterns of YP_(1−x)V_xO₄:5% Eu materials (x = 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1).

Fig. 2. (A) FTIR and (B) Raman spectra of YP_(1−x)V_xO₄:5% Eu materials.

Fig. 3. (A) SEM, (B) TEM, (C) SAED, and (D) HR-TEM images of the Y(P_0.5V_0.5)O₄:5% Eu sample.

Fig. 4. (A) EDX spectra and (B) mapping of elements in the Y(P_0.5V_0.5)O₄:5% Eu sample.

Fig. 5. Fluorescence excitation spectrum of Y(P_1−xV_x)O₄:5% Eu materials (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1).

Fig. 6. The fluorescence excitation spectrum of the Y(P_0.5V_0.5)O₄:5% Eu material.

Fig. 7. Fluorescence spectra of Y(P_1−xV_x)O₄:5% Eu samples under (A) 320 nm and (B) 395 nm excitation.

Fig. 8. Luminescence decay curves for Y(P_1−xV_x)O₄:5% Eu.

Fig. 9. CIE chromaticity diagram for emission spectra of YP_(1−x)V_xO₄:5% Eu³⁺ (x = 0, 0.5, 1).