Interferon-γ therapy in patients with refractory disseminated coccidioidomycosis

Chen Wang¹, Brenna A LaBere², Michell M Lozano Chinga², Annalie J Harris¹, Lindsey B Rosen¹, Amanda Elias Rivera¹, Eva Le Run¹, Keith A Sacco³, Wassim Ballan⁴, James V Woodward⁵, Scott A Ostdiek⁴, Matthew W Smith⁴, Victoria L Anderson¹, Janine R Daub¹, Cindy L Palmer¹, Lavenda Chirombo Kluczynski¹, Andrew J Oler⁶, Magdalena A Walkiewicz⁷, Rajarshi Ghosh⁷, Morgan Similuk⁷, Fariba M Donovan⁸, John Witt⁹, Nicolas Barros^{9

10}, L Joseph Wheat⁹, John N Galgiani⁸, Alexandra F Freeman¹, Amy P Hsu¹, Christa S Zerbe¹, Steven M Holland¹

Affiliations

¹ Immunopathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
² Division of Allergy and Immunology, Phoenix Children's, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
³ Immunology Department, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.
⁴ Division of Infectious Diseases, Phoenix Children's, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
⁵ Division of Pulmonology, Phoenix Children's, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
⁶ Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁷ Centralized Sequencing Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁸ Valley Fever Center for Excellence, and Department of Medicine, and Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine-Tucson, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
⁹ MiraVista Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
¹⁰ Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

PMID: 40440413
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaf286

Interferon-γ therapy in patients with refractory disseminated coccidioidomycosis

Chen Wang et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2025.

. 2025 May 29:ciaf286.

doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaf286. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Immunopathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
² Division of Allergy and Immunology, Phoenix Children's, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
³ Immunology Department, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.
⁴ Division of Infectious Diseases, Phoenix Children's, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
⁵ Division of Pulmonology, Phoenix Children's, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
⁶ Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁷ Centralized Sequencing Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁸ Valley Fever Center for Excellence, and Department of Medicine, and Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine-Tucson, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
⁹ MiraVista Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
¹⁰ Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

PMID: 40440413
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaf286

Abstract

Refractory disseminated coccidioidomycosis (DCM) is a severe disease with limited treatment options. This report reviews our own and prior published experiences using adjunctive interferon-γ therapy in refractory DCM, showing overall favorable responses in patients without Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1 gain-of-function mutations.

Keywords: disseminated coccidioidomycosis; interferon-γ; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1.

Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America 2025.

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Interferon-γ therapy in patients with refractory disseminated coccidioidomycosis

Affiliations

Interferon-γ therapy in patients with refractory disseminated coccidioidomycosis

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract