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. 2025 May 29;19(1):387-391.
doi: 10.1159/000544765. eCollection 2025 Jan-Dec.

Gluten-Associated Neurological Disorders: A Cases Series

Vismaya S Bachu  1   2 , Farinaz Ghodrati  2 , Brent L Fogel  3 , Guy A Weiss  1   2
Affiliations

Gluten-Associated Neurological Disorders: A Cases Series

Vismaya S Bachu et al. Case Rep Gastroenterol. .

Abstract

Introduction: Gluten-associated disorders, including celiac disease (CeD) and non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), can present with various extraintestinal neurologic manifestations, including sensory neuropathy, ataxia, headaches, and seizures.

Case presentations: In this case series, we present 3 interesting patients with gluten-associated neurological disorders (GAND) across a spectrum of gluten-associated disorders severity, from gluten sensitivity, to CeD, to refractory CeD, illustrating variable presentations and treatment approaches for this underdiagnosed population.

Conclusion: For many patients with neurological presentations who initially lack gastrointestinal symptoms, diagnosis remains challenging. Once diagnosed, while a gluten-free diet has been the mainstay of treating GAND for many years, this approach may only prevent progression of disease without reversal of symptoms. Further studies are needed to help guide the development and standardization of treatments for this patient population.

Keywords: Celiac disease; Gluten-associated disorders; Gluten-associated neurological disorders; Gluten-free diet; Non-celiac gluten sensitivity.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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