Utilizing peer educators to increase genetic testing for prostate cancer among black males: results of a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Background: Black males have low rates of genetic testing for prostate cancer (PCa). Peer-based strategies have not been tested for PCa genetic testing. We aimed to evaluate the impact of a peer-based educational intervention about PCa genetic testing for Black males in a community setting.

Methods: Black males, ages 35 to 69, were randomized to either a group-based discussion led by a peer educator who explained PCA and the risks and benefits of genetic testing or standard informational materials with no interaction with a peer educator. Participants completed baseline and endpoint surveys and were connected to free PCA genetic testing if interested.

Results: One hundred and thirty (n=130) Black males enrolled in the study. There were increases in knowledge (9.5% increase, intervention arm; 8.1% increase, control arm; p=0.98) and decreases in decisional conflict (-0.4 change, intervention arm; -0.4 change, control arm; p=0.95) in both study arms. Males in the intervention arm had increased intentions to seek PCA genetic counseling while males in the control arm tended to have decreased intentions (p=0.06).

Conclusion: While educational materials may be sufficient to impart knowledge about PCA, more complex decisions like genetic testing may benefit from the support of individuals with similar lived experiences.

Keywords: Cancer disparities; Genetic testing; Peer education; Prostate cancer.