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. 2025 May 30;20(1):252.
doi: 10.1186/s13019-025-03472-0.

Combined pathogenic characteristics to analyze susceptibility factors of postoperative pneumonia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery

Jie Li #  1 , Zhenhua Wu #  1 , Chang Xie #  1 , Zhigang Guo  2
Affiliations

Combined pathogenic characteristics to analyze susceptibility factors of postoperative pneumonia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery

Jie Li et al. J Cardiothorac Surg. .

Abstract

Postoperative infection prevention is crucial for cardiac surgery patients. This study enrolled 579 cardiac surgery patients from November 2021 to July 2022, reporting a 12.3% incidence of postoperative pneumonia. Blood sugar, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores, respiratory failure, and complications were linked to respiratory infections. Significant differences in biomarkers, including creatine kinase, urine volume, alanine transaminase (ALT), hemoglobin, and PaO2/FiO2, were observed between pneumonia types. Bacterial pneumonia cases showed positive correlations between ALT, urine volume, and infection, while hemoglobin and PaO2/FiO2 correlated negatively. The most common pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.3%), Acinetobacter baumannii (11.6%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.9%). Identifying susceptibility factors and pathogenic characteristics can guide effective prevention strategies. Monitoring and oxygen therapy remain essential for reducing postoperative pneumonia risk in cardiac surgery patients.

Keywords: Cardiac surgery; Pneumonia; Postoperative infection; Prevention strategies; Susceptible factors.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tianjin Chest Hospital on December 2, 2023, and all participants gave written informed consent. All procedures were performed following the 1964 Helsinki Declaration. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Distribution of pathogenic microorganisms in postoperative infections among cardiac surgery patients
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Heatmap of pathogenic microorganism distribution in 56 patients with postoperative pneumonia
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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