Is there a path to cure myasthenia gravis?

Abstract

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle fatigability caused by autoantibodies targeting components of the neuromuscular junction, primarily the acetylcholine receptor (AChR). In AChR-MG, the thymus plays a central role as the initiating site of sensitization, fostering a highly inflammatory environment that supports the production of autoreactive T and B cells. Current treatments mainly focus on symptom relief and broad immunosuppressive therapies but fall short of providing a definitive cure. This review examines the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying MG and discusses emerging therapeutic strategies aiming to achieve long-term remission or even a cure. By combining targeted elimination of autoreactive cell sources through thymectomy in AChR-MG with strategies to reset and restore immune tolerance, we may be on the path to a true cure for this complex autoimmune disorder.