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. 2025 Sep;52(9):1298-1305.
doi: 10.1111/jcpe.14186. Epub 2025 Jun 2.

Long-Term Prognosis of Teeth With Class II Furcation Involvement: A Retrospective Cohort Study

P Eickholz  1 , T Cordis  1 , B Dannewitz  1   2 , B Pretzl  1   3 , M Schröder  1 , N Lingwal  4   5 , N El Sayed  1
Affiliations

Long-Term Prognosis of Teeth With Class II Furcation Involvement: A Retrospective Cohort Study

P Eickholz et al. J Clin Periodontol. 2025 Sep.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the survival of teeth with class II furcation involvement (FI) ≥ 5 years after active periodontal treatment (APT) and to identify the prognostic factors.

Methods: All charts of patients having undergone APT at the Department of Periodontology of Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany, were screened for teeth with class II FI. APT had to be accomplished ≥ 5 years ago. Charts were analysed for data of class II FI teeth at baseline (T0), after APT (T1) and at the last supportive periodontal care (SPC/T2).

Results: Two-hundred and twenty-two patients (age: 56.5 ± 10.1 years; 118 females; 35 active smokers; 17 diabetics, 154 stage III, 68 stage IV, 94 grade B, 128 grade C) presented 543 teeth with class II FI. Sixty-one patients lost 93 teeth (17%), on average, over 108.4 ± 36.5 months of SPC. Logistic/Cox proportional hazards mixed-model regressions associated increased tooth loss with irregular SPC (p = 0.023/0.073), premolar versus molar (p = 0.041/0.017), root canal filling (RCF) (p < 0.001) and multiple class II FI per tooth at T1 (p = 0.001/0.024).

Conclusions: Of a total of 543 teeth with class II FI, 83% were retained for 108.6 ± 36.5 months. Multiple class II FI at T1, RCF, premolars and irregular SPC were found to compromise the long-term prognosis of teeth with class II FI.

Keywords: furcation involvement degree II; periodontal treatment; periodontitis stage III and IV.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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