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Meta-Analysis
. 2025 Dec;21(1):2500261.
doi: 10.1080/21645515.2025.2500261. Epub 2025 Jun 2.

Systematic literature review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of rotavirus genotypes in Asia from 2015 to 2021

Tim Jesudason  1 , Kelly Fleetwood  2 , Maria Bermudez  1 , Oluwaseun Sharomi  3 , Hannah Schirrmacher  1 , Christian Hauck  1 , Daniel Hungerford  4 , David Tordrup  1 , Jelle Matthijnssens  5 , Cristina Carias  6
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Systematic literature review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of rotavirus genotypes in Asia from 2015 to 2021

Tim Jesudason et al. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2025 Dec.

Abstract

Understanding rotavirus prevalence by genotype can inform disease prevention and immunization decision-making. This systematic literature review summarized the genotype-specific prevalence of rotavirus in Asia from 2015 to 2021. We identified surveillance studies using PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases, and used proportional meta-analysis (with the generic inverse variance method with arcsine transformation and generalized linear mixed models) to summarize genotype prevalence by region. A total of 7,601 studies were screened, and 73 studies from 16 countries were included. Data from 19,935 rotavirus samples reveal that the most common rotavirus genotypes circulating in Asia from 2015 to 2021 were G3P[8] (24%; 95% CI: 19%, 30%), G9P[8] (11%; 95% CI: 7%, 16%), G1P[8] (11%; 95% CI: 8%, 14%) and G2P[4] (8%; 95% CI: 6%, 10%). The results are comparable to estimates from the pre-vaccine licensure period. Surveillance based on sequencing data could help detect more subtle changes and further characterize the rotavirus burden in Asia.

Keywords: Rotavirus; child health; diarrhoea; epidemiology; vaccination.

Plain language summary

This study synthesizes data on rotavirus prevalence by genotype in Asia for the period 2015–2021. It finds G3P[8], G9P[8], G1P[8] and G2P[4] to be the most prevalent genotypes across the included countries.

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Conflict of interest statement

Sharomi Oluwaseun and Cristina Carias are employed by Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and shareholders of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA, which manufactures RotaTeq©. Triangulate Health Ltd received funding from by Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA to complete this study and employed Chrissy Bishop, Christian Hauck, Hannah Schirrmacher, Maria Bermudez and Tim Jesudason during the study. Triangulate Health Ltd also provided funding for Kelly Fleetwood through a sub-contract. Daniel Hungerford received consulting fees and honorarium from Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA, and institutional grants from Seqirus UK Ltd, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA, and GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals. Jelle Matthijnssens also received consulting fees from GlaxoSmithKline and Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
PRISMA flow diagram.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Number of samples per country.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Prevalence of the most common rotavirus strains in Asia.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Prevalence of the most common rotavirus strains by country, Asia.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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