Digital health technologies in the accelerating medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia Program

Johanna T W Wigman¹, Ann Ee Ching^{2

3}, Yoonho Chung^{4

5}, Habiballah Rahimi Eichi^{4

5}, Erlend Lane⁶, Carsten Langholm⁶, Aditya Vaidyam⁶, Andrew Jin Soo Byun⁶, Anastasia Haidar⁷, Jessica Hartmann³, Angela Nunez⁸, Dominic Dwyer^{2

3}, Adibah Amani Nasarudin^{2

3}, Owen Borders⁷, Isabelle Scott^{2

3}, Zailyn Tamayo⁸, Priya Matneja⁹, Kang-Ik Cho^{5

7}, Jean Addington¹⁰, Luis K Alameda¹¹, Celso Arango¹², Nicholas J K Breitborde^{13

14}, Matthew R Broome^{15

16}, Kristin S Cadenhead¹⁷, Monica E Calkins¹⁸, Eric Yu Hai Chen¹⁹, Jimmy Choi²⁰, Philippe Conus¹¹, Cheryl M Corcoran²¹, Barbara A Cornblatt^{22

23}, Covadonga M Diaz-Caneja¹², Lauren M Ellman²⁴, Paolo Fusar-Poli^{25

26}, Pablo A Gaspar²⁷, Carla Gerber²⁸, Louise Birkedal Glenthøj²⁹, Leslie E Horton³⁰, Christy Lai Ming Hui¹⁹, Joseph Kambeitz³¹, Lana Kambeitz-Ilankovic³¹, Matcheri S Keshavan^{5

6}, Sung-Wan Kim^{32

33}, Nikolaos Koutsouleris^{25

34}, Kerstin Langbein³⁵, Daniel Mamah³⁶, Daniel H Mathalon^{37

38}, Vijay A Mittal³⁹, Merete Nordentoft^{40

41}, Godfrey D Pearlson^{42

43}, Jesus Perez^{4

44

45}, Diana O Perkins⁴⁶, Albert R Powers 3rd^{8

47}, Jack Rogers⁴⁸, Fred W Sabb⁴⁹, Jason Schiffman⁵⁰, Jai L Shah^{51

52}, Steven M Silverstein⁵³, Stefan Smesny³⁵, Walid Yassin^{5

6}, William S Stone^{5

6}, Gregory P Strauss⁵⁴, Judy L Thompson^{55

56}, Rachel Upthegrove¹⁵, Swapna Verma⁵⁷, Jijun Wang⁵⁸, Daniel H Wolf¹⁸, Phillip Wolff⁵⁹; Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia (AMP® SCZ); Laura M Rowland⁶⁰, Simon D'Alfonso⁶¹, Ofer Pasternak⁷, Sylvain Bouix^{7

62}, Patrick D McGorry^{2

3}, Rene S Kahn²¹, John M Kane^{22

23}, Carrie E Bearden⁶³, Scott W Woods⁸, Martha E Shenton^{5

7}, Barnaby Nelson^{2

3}, Justin T Baker^#^{4

5}, John Torous^#^{64

65}

Affiliations

¹ University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Centre of Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, Groningen, The Netherlands.
² Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
³ Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
⁴ McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
⁵ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
⁶ Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
⁷ Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
⁸ Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
⁹ Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
¹¹ Service de Psychiatrie Générale Dép. de Psychiatrie CHUV Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
¹² Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), CIBERSAM, ISCIII, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
¹³ Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
¹⁵ Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
¹⁶ Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
¹⁷ University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
¹⁹ Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
²⁰ Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Hartford HealthCare Behavioral Health Network, Hartford, CT, USA.
²¹ Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
²² Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.
²³ Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.
²⁴ Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
²⁵ Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK.
²⁶ Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
²⁷ Department of Psychiatry, IMHAY, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
²⁸ Behavioral Health Services, PeaceHealth Medical Group, Eugene, OR, USA.
²⁹ Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Copenhagen, Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
³⁰ Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
³¹ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
³² Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
³³ Mindlink, Gwangju Bukgu Mental Health Center, Gwangju, Korea.
³⁴ Department of Public Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
³⁵ Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
³⁶ Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
³⁷ Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
³⁸ Mental Health Service 116D, Veterans Affairs San Francisco Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA.
³⁹ Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Il, USA.
⁴⁰ Mental Health Services in the Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁴¹ Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁴² Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA.
⁴³ Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
⁴⁴ CAMEO, Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
⁴⁵ Institute of Biomedical Research (IBSAL), Department of Medicine, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
⁴⁶ Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
⁴⁷ Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA.
⁴⁸ Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
⁴⁹ Department of Psychiatry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
⁵⁰ Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
⁵¹ PEPP-Montreal, Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
⁵² Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
⁵³ Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
⁵⁴ Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
⁵⁵ Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.
⁵⁶ Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Counseling Professions, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
⁵⁷ Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore.
⁵⁸ Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
⁵⁹ Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
⁶⁰ National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁶¹ School of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
⁶² Department of Software Engineering and Information Technology, École de technologie supérieure, Montréal, QC, Canada.
⁶³ Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences & Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
⁶⁴ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. jtorous@bidmc.harvard.edu.
⁶⁵ Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. jtorous@bidmc.harvard.edu.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 40461469
PMCID: PMC12134270
DOI: 10.1038/s41537-025-00599-w

Digital health technologies in the accelerating medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia Program

Johanna T W Wigman et al. Schizophrenia (Heidelb). 2025.

. 2025 Jun 3;11(1):83.

doi: 10.1038/s41537-025-00599-w.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Centre of Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, Groningen, The Netherlands.
² Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
³ Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
⁴ McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
⁵ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
⁶ Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
⁷ Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
⁸ Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
⁹ Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
¹¹ Service de Psychiatrie Générale Dép. de Psychiatrie CHUV Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
¹² Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), CIBERSAM, ISCIII, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
¹³ Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
¹⁵ Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
¹⁶ Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
¹⁷ University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
¹⁹ Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
²⁰ Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Hartford HealthCare Behavioral Health Network, Hartford, CT, USA.
²¹ Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
²² Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.
²³ Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.
²⁴ Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
²⁵ Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK.
²⁶ Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
²⁷ Department of Psychiatry, IMHAY, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
²⁸ Behavioral Health Services, PeaceHealth Medical Group, Eugene, OR, USA.
²⁹ Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Copenhagen, Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
³⁰ Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
³¹ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
³² Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
³³ Mindlink, Gwangju Bukgu Mental Health Center, Gwangju, Korea.
³⁴ Department of Public Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
³⁵ Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
³⁶ Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
³⁷ Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
³⁸ Mental Health Service 116D, Veterans Affairs San Francisco Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA.
³⁹ Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Il, USA.
⁴⁰ Mental Health Services in the Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁴¹ Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁴² Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA.
⁴³ Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
⁴⁴ CAMEO, Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
⁴⁵ Institute of Biomedical Research (IBSAL), Department of Medicine, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
⁴⁶ Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
⁴⁷ Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA.
⁴⁸ Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
⁴⁹ Department of Psychiatry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
⁵⁰ Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
⁵¹ PEPP-Montreal, Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
⁵² Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
⁵³ Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
⁵⁴ Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
⁵⁵ Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.
⁵⁶ Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Counseling Professions, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
⁵⁷ Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore.
⁵⁸ Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
⁵⁹ Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
⁶⁰ National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁶¹ School of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
⁶² Department of Software Engineering and Information Technology, École de technologie supérieure, Montréal, QC, Canada.
⁶³ Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences & Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
⁶⁴ Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. jtorous@bidmc.harvard.edu.
⁶⁵ Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. jtorous@bidmc.harvard.edu.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 40461469
PMCID: PMC12134270
DOI: 10.1038/s41537-025-00599-w

Abstract

Although meta-analytic studies have shown that 25-33% of those at Clinical High Risk (CHR) for psychosis transition to a first episode of psychosis within three years, less is known about estimating the risk of transition at an individual level. Digital phenotyping offers a novel approach to explore the nature of CHR and may help to improve personalized risk prediction. Specifically, digital data enable detailed mapping of experiences, moods and behaviors during longer periods of time (e.g., weeks, months) and offer more insight into patterns over time at the individual level across their routine daily life. However, while novel digital health technologies open up many new avenues of research, they also come with specific challenges, including replicability of results and the adherence of participants. This paper outlines the design of the digital component of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia Program (AMP SCZ) project, a large international collaborative project that follows individuals at CHR for psychosis over a period of two years. The digital component comprises one-year smartphone-based digital phenotyping and actigraphy. Smartphone-based digital phenotyping includes 30-item short daily self-report surveys and voice diaries as well as passive data capture (geolocation, on/off screen state, and accelerometer). Actigraphy data are collected via an Axivity wristwatch. The aim of this paper is to describe the design and the three goals of the digital measures used in AMP SCZ to: (i) better understand the symptoms, real-life experiences, and behaviors of those at CHR for psychosis, (ii) improve the prediction of transition to psychosis and other health outcomes in this population based on digital phenotyping and, (iii) serve as an example for replicable and ethical research across geographically diverse regions and cultures. Accordingly, we describe the rationale, protocol and implementation of these digital components of the AMP SCZ project. **Link to video interview: https://vimeo.com/1060935583 *.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: Celso Arango has been a consultant to or has received honoraria or grants from Acadia, Angelini, Biogen, Boehringer, Gedeon Richter, Janssen Cilag, Lundbeck, Medscape, Menarini, Minerva, Otsuka, Pfizer, Roche, Sage, Servier, Shire, Schering Plough, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, Sunovion and Takeda. Dominic Dwyer has recieved honorary funds for one educational seminar for CSL Sequiris.John Kane has served as a consultant to or receives honoraria and/or travel support and/or speakers bureau: Alkermes, Allergan, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Cerevel, Dainippon Sumitomo, H. Lundbeck, HealthRhythms, HLS Therapeutics, Indivior, Intracellular Therapies, Janssen Pharmaceutical, Johnson & Johnson, Karuna Therapeutics/Bristol Meyer-Squibb, LB Pharmaceuticals, Mapi, Maplight, Merck, Minerva, Neurocrine, Newron, Novartis, NW PharmaTech, Otsuka, Roche, Saladax, Sunovion, Teva. Paulo Fusar-Poli has received research funds or personal fees from Lundbeck, Angelini, Menarini, Sunovion, Boehringer Ingelheim, Proxymm Science, Otsuka, outside the current study Rachel Upthegove has received speaker fees at non promotional educational events: Otsuka: Consultancy for Viatris and Springer Healthcare. Honoary General Secretary British Association for Psychopharmacology (unpaid). Rene Kahn reports consulting: Alkermes, Boehringer-Ingelheim. John Torous reprots being an dvisor to Percison Mental Wellness. Research support from Otsuka. Joseph Kambeitz reports speaking or consulting fees from Janssen, Boehringer Ingelheim, ROVI and Lundbeck. Eric Yu Hai Chen report speaker fees at non-promotional educational events. Covadonga M. Diaz-Caneja has received grant support from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and honoraria or travel support from Angelini, Janssen, and Viatris. All other authors report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.

Figures

**Fig. 1. Example of raw, primary, and secondary features inside the Cortex platform, which is a software pipeline that transforms digital phenotyping raw data into meaningful features.**
In this figure, raw data (on the far right) is GPS and primary features are trips and secondary locations. Secondary features are derived from primary features and, in this example include home time, trip distance, and similarity measures of mobility patterns across different weeks.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

1. Catalan, A. et al. Annual Research Review: Prevention of psychosis in adolescents–systematic review and meta‐analysis of advances in detection, prognosis, and intervention. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry62, 657–673 (2021). - PubMed
1. Mei, C. et al. Preventive interventions for individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis: an updated and extended meta-analysis. Clin. Psychol. Rev.86, 102005 (2021). - PubMed
1. Addington, J. et al. Predictors of transition to psychosis in individuals at clinical high risk. Curr. Psychiatry Rep.21, 1–10 (2019). - PubMed
1. de Pablo, G. S. et al. Probability of transition to psychosis in individuals at clinical high risk: Aan updated meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry78, 970–8 (2021). - PMC - PubMed
1. Hedges, E. P. et al. Meta-analysis of longitudinal neurocognitive performance in people at clinical high-risk for psychosis. Psychol. Med.52, 2009–2016 (2022). - PMC - PubMed

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Digital health technologies in the accelerating medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia Program

Affiliations

Digital health technologies in the accelerating medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia Program

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

References

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources