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. 2025 Jun 6;25(1):929.
doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06306-6.

Utilization of magnification devices in Vietnam's dental practice and education: an online survey

Minh-Hieu Nguyen Tran  1 , Anh Huynh Bui  1 , Lan-Anh Hoang Le  1 , Thuy-Trang Thi Huynh  1 , Phuong-Doan Phan  1 , Thuan-Loc Tran  1 , Nguyen-Tra-Mi Le  1 , Thu-Tra Nguyen  1 , Hoang-Vinh Le  1 , Dai-Phong Lam  2 , Quoc-Viet Lam  2 , Tran-Lan-Khue Pham  3 , An-Tran Pham  3 , Van-Khoa Pham  4
Affiliations

Utilization of magnification devices in Vietnam's dental practice and education: an online survey

Minh-Hieu Nguyen Tran et al. BMC Oral Health. .

Abstract

Background: Advancements in dental technology have enhanced diagnostic and treatment tools, with magnification devices improving clinical precision and ergonomics. Dental loupes, conventional dental operating microscopes (DOMs), and three-dimensional digital operating microscopes (3D-DOMs) help overcome visual limitations in intricate procedures. Although widely used globally, adoption in Vietnam remains underreported. This study aimed to assess magnification device utilization in Vietnamese dental practice and education, with a pioneering focus on 3D-DOMs.

Methods: An online, questionnaire-based observational survey was conducted from October to December 2024. A total of 108 dentists responded, along with 11 dental education institutions and 5 hospitals (2 specialized, 3 general). The 28-item questionnaire, validated by a subject expert (CVI-S = 0.9), was distributed via email and messaging platforms. Google login ensured one response per participant. Data were analyzed using JASP (version 0.19.3) with descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests (p < 0.05).

Results: Awareness was high (96.4%), while actual usage was moderate (62.96%). Usage varied by setting: specialized hospitals (100%) and education institutions (80%) showed higher adoption than general hospitals (33.33%). Dental loupes were most common (55.56%), followed by DOMs (25.93%) and 3D-DOMs (5.56%). Future usage intentions were high, particularly for loupes (81.48%). Endodontics was perceived as the specialty benefiting most. Despite cost being the primary barrier, satisfaction was high. Formal training significantly improved self-rated knowledge and satisfaction.

Conclusions: Despite cost and ergonomic barriers, magnification devices—especially 3D-DOMs—show strong potential. With improved training and resource allocation, they could significantly enhance diagnostic precision and clinical outcomes in Vietnamese dentistry.

Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-025-06306-6.

Keywords: 3D Dental operating microscope; Dental education; Dental loupe; Dental operating microscope; Endodontics; Ergonomics.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam, with the approval number of 1025/HĐĐĐ-ĐHYD, the informed consent was obtained from parents of all participants, or participant herself, and all methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. Consent for publication: Not Applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The 3D Dental operating microscope used at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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