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. 2025 Jan 14:49:fuaf025.
doi: 10.1093/femsre/fuaf025.

Mpox: current knowledge and understanding-a scoping review

Helen Callaby  1 , Amy Belfield  2 , Ashley D Otter  3 , Barry Atkinson  4 , Michael Reynolds  5 , Helen Roberts  5 , N Claire Gordon  2
Affiliations

Mpox: current knowledge and understanding-a scoping review

Helen Callaby et al. FEMS Microbiol Rev. .

Abstract

Mpox in humans is a rash illness resulting from infection with monkeypox virus (MPXV). In 2022, a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) was declared with 115 countries reporting cases of Mpox. Most of these countries had not previously reported cases. This global outbreak was sustained primarily by human-to-human transmission within complex sexual networks. Whilst these cases were similar to previous clade II West African MPXV isolates, they were sufficiently genomically distinct to result in WHO recognizing two subclades within clade II: clade IIa and clade IIb. In 2024, a second PHEIC was declared, resulting from a marked increase in cases of clade I MPXV. In this scoping review, we compare the major clinical, epidemiological, and genomic features of the major mpox lineages and the implications for vaccination, transmission, infection control and treatment..

Keywords: clade I; clade II; infection control; mpox; transmission; vaccination.

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Conflict of interest statement

None declared.

References

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