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. 2025 Jun 10;29(7):337.
doi: 10.1007/s00784-025-06402-5.

Effect of matrix system on the quality of proximal contact in posterior bulk-fill resin composite restorations- an in vitro study

Laryssa Silva da Cunha  1 , Karoline Guará Brusaca Almeida Cavalcanti  2 , Thiago Silva Peres  1 , Andres Felipe Millan Cardenas  2 , Gisele Rodrigues da Silva  1 , Carlos José Soares  3
Affiliations

Effect of matrix system on the quality of proximal contact in posterior bulk-fill resin composite restorations- an in vitro study

Laryssa Silva da Cunha et al. Clin Oral Investig. .

Abstract

Objective: Evaluate the effect of matrix systems on the proximal contact force (N) between molars and premolars in two class-II bulk-fill resin composite restorations.

Methods: The Typodont model of the first molar, with adjacent molar and premolar simulating the periodontal ligament was used to analyze proximal contact in two class-II restorations (n = 10) made with OPUS Bulk Fill resin composite. Four types of matrices were tested: two sectional (Palodent V3 and Unimatrix R) and two circumferential (SuperMat and universal metal matrix. Intact tooth was used as the control group). The specimens were radiographed and proximal contact force (N) were measured in a microtensile testing machine (Odeme). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey and Dunnet tests (α = 0.05).

Results: The contact force on the premolar was lower than that on the molar (P < 0.001) irrespective of the matrix system. The sectional matrices produced similar proximal contact forces as the intact tooth (P = 0.109) and higher than the circumferential matrices (P < 0.001), irrespective of the tooth-type contact. The radiographic analysis showed predominantly perfect proximal contact in the sectional matrix specimens.

Conclusions: The contour and proximal contact forces were influenced by the matrix systems and tooth contact location. The sectional matrices had better proximal contact force than the circumferential matrices.

Clinical relevance: Compared with circumferential matrices, sectional matrices are more flexible and can be moved easily to the direction of the adjacent tooth to produce better proximal contact in class-II bulk-fill resin composite restorations.

Keywords: Bulk-fill resin composite; Matrix system; Posterior restorations; Proximal contact force.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethical approval: Not applicable. Informed consent: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Conflict of interest: The authors declare any financial and non-financial conflict of interests under the heading.

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