Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2025 Mar 29;34(11):2601-2610.
doi: 10.1007/s10068-025-01872-5. eCollection 2025 Jul.

Effect of bovine milk-derived peptide on SNAP-25 of the neurotransmitter system in treating the sialorrhoea in chronic neurological diseases

Jency Roshni  1 , S Mahema  1 , V Janakiraman  1 , Sheikh F Ahmad  2 , Haneen A Al-Mazroua  2 , Shiek S S J Ahmed  1
Affiliations

Effect of bovine milk-derived peptide on SNAP-25 of the neurotransmitter system in treating the sialorrhoea in chronic neurological diseases

Jency Roshni et al. Food Sci Biotechnol. .

Abstract

Sialorrhea is a prominent symptom of chronic neurological disorders like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, motor neuron disease, cerebral palsy, and stroke. Synaptosome-Associated Protein-25 (SNAP-25) plays a key role in triggering involuntary saliva secretion. This study aimed to identify SNAP-25-targeting bovine milk-derived peptides to mitigate sialorrhea, using computational and quantum atomistic simulation approach. Among 8559 bovine milk-derived peptides, 8499 were non-toxic, 7749 non-allergenic, 911 with blood-brain barrier crossing potential, and 175 with cell-penetrating capabilities. Using HAPPENN program, 20 non-hemolytic peptides were screened, while PeptideRanker predicted two physiologically active peptides. Protein-peptide docking followed by de novo structural modeling showed that CMPTFQFFK has a stronger inhibitory affinity (- 7.45 kcal/mol) for SNAP-25 than botulinum toxin. Additionally, dynamic simulations, free energy and quantum chemical studies confirmed the stability of CMPTFQFFK's with SNAP-25. Our study recommends CMPTFQFFK as a potential inhibitor of SNAP-25 for sialorrhea treatment, with further in vitro testing needed to confirm efficacy.

Keywords: Botulinum toxin A; Bovine milk; Peptides; SNAP-25; Sialorrhea.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interestThere are no conflicts to declare.

Similar articles

See all similar articles

References

    1. Alguridi HI, Alzahrani F, Almalki S, Zamzami MA, Altayb HN. Identification and molecular docking of novel chikungunya virus NSP4 inhibitory peptides from camel milk proteins. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics. 42: 9961-9976 (2024) - PubMed
    1. Antonucci F, Corradini I, Fossati G, Tomasoni R, Menna E, Matteoli M. SNAP-25, a known presynaptic protein with emerging postsynaptic functions. Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience. 8: 7 (2016) - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bhachoo J, Beuming T. Investigating protein–peptide interactions using the Schrödinger computational suite. Methods in Molecular Biology. 1561: 235-254 (2017) - PubMed
    1. Bochevarov AD, Harder E, Hughes TF, Greenwood JR, Braden DA, Philipp DM, Rinaldo D, Halls MD, Zhang J, Friesner RA. Jaguar: a high‐performance quantum chemistry software program with strengths in life and materials sciences. International Journal of Quantum Chemistry. 113: 2110-2142 (2013)
    1. Boros I, Keszler P. Sialorrhea: hypersalivation and drooling. An underestimated problem in medical practice. Fogorvosi Szemle. 99: 99-108 (2006) - PubMed